মুক্তিযোদ্ধা

মুক্তিযোদ্ধা

১৯৭১ খ্রিস্টাব্দে যাঁরা অস্ত্র হাতে সরাসরি পাকিস্তানি বাহিনীর সঙ্গে যুদ্ধ করেছেন কেবল তাঁদেরই মুক্তিযোদ্ধা হিসেবে গণ্য করা হয় তা নয়। সেই সঙ্গে অস্থায়ী মুজিবনগর সরকারের মন্ত্রী, সরকারী কর্মকর্তা ও কর্মচারী, ভারতের শরণার্থী শিবিরগুলোতে ত্রাণ বিতরণসহ যাঁরা বিভিন্ন সেবামূলক কাজে অংশ নিয়েছেন তারা, কোলকাতায় স্থাপিত স্বাধীন বাংলা বেতার কেন্দ্রের পরিচালকমণ্ডলী, সাংবাদিক, ভাষ্যকার ও শিল্পী, প্রমুখকেও মুক্তিযোদ্ধা হিসাব তালিকাবদ্ধ করা হয়েছে। বাংলাদেশের স্বাধীনতা যুদ্ধকালে যারা অস্ত্র হাতে মাঠ পর্যায়ে যুদ্ধে অংশ গ্রহণ করেছিলেন তাদের চার ভাগে ভাগ করা হয়ে থাকে। যথা:
(ক) তৎকালীন পাকিস্তান সেনাবাহিনী, নৌবাহিনী, বিমানবাহিনী, ইপিআর, পুলিশ ও আনসার বাহিনীর নিয়মিত সদস্যবৃন্দ। এরা আগে থেকেই অস্ত্র ব্যবহারে এনমকী সম্মুখ সমরাভিযানে প্রশিক্ষিত ছিলেন। ১৯৭১-এ মুক্তিযুদ্ধ শুরু হলে এরা পাকিস্তানের পক্ষ ত্যাগ করে সরাসরি মুক্তিযুদ্ধ শুরু করেছিলেন। এদের অধিকাংশই ছিলেন মুক্তিযুদ্ধের ‘নিয়মিত বাহিনী’র সদস্য ছিলেন।
(খ) দ্বিতীয়ত: সাধারণ মানুষ যাঁরা বাংলাদশে ত্যাগ করে ভারতে গিয়েছিলেন এবং ভারতের প্রশিক্ষণ ক্যাম্পে অস্ত্রচালনা, বিস্ফোরকদ্রব্যের ব্যবহার ও গেরিলাযুদ্ধের কলাকৌশলে প্রশিক্ষণ লাভের পর দেশের অভ্যন্তরে বিভিন্ন এলাকায় পাকিস্তানি বাহিনীর বিরুদ্ধে সেগুলো ব্যবহার করেছিলেন। সংখ্যাই এরাই সর্বার্ধিক। এদের বলা হতো ‘গণবাহিনী’। সামরিক প্রশিক্ষণের পরই এদের হাতে অস্ত্র ও গোলাবারুদ দেয়া হয়েছিল। এদের মধ্যে ছিলেন কৃষক, শ্রমিক, ছাত্র সহ সমাজের নানা স্তরের মানুষ।
(গ) টাঙ্গাইলের বঙ্গবীর আব্দুল কাদেরর সিদ্দীকীর (বীর উত্তম) নেতৃত্বে প্রতিষ্ঠিত কাদেরিয়া বাহিনীর লোকজন। এদের অধিকাংশই প্রশিক্ষণের জন্য ভারতে যাননি। পাকিস্তান সেনাবাহিনীর ল্যান্স নায়েক কাদের সিদ্দিকীর নেতৃত্বে দেশের ভেতরই প্রশিক্ষণ গ্রহণ করেছেন; এবং
(ঘ) কেবল ছাত্রলীগের একদল নেতা-কর্মী, যাঁরা মুক্তিযুদ্ধের শেষ পর্যায়ে নতুনভাবে ভারতে প্রশিক্ষণ নিয়েছেন, কিন্তু দেশাভ্যন্তরে না-ফিরে বাংলাদেশ-ভারতের সীমান্ত এলাকায় যুদ্ধ করেছেন। এদের পৃথকভাবে নাম দেওয়া হয়েছিল ‘মুজিব বাহিনী’।

Thursday, January 14, 2010

Razakars Central Shanti Committee

Genocide Bangalee Collaborators and War Criminals:Razakars
Central Shanti Committee

Name Where Now
Khaza Khayer Uddin Pakistan Muslim League leader
A.Q.M. Shafiqul Islam Advocate, Lahore Highr Court, has business in Bangladesh
Gulam Azam Amir, Jamat-i-Islami, Bangladesh
Mewlana Syed Muhammed Masum Central Majlish-i-Surah member, Ittehadul Ummah
Abdul Jabbar Kaddar Natural death after liberation
Mahmud Ali Minister, Pakistan Gov't
M.A.K. Rafiqul Islam unknown
Yusuf Ali Chowdhury(Mohon Miah) Natural death during liberation war
Abul Kashem Natural death after liberation
Gulam Sarwar Jamat's croney, Dawat-ul-Islam leader in London
Syed Azizul Haque(Nanna Miah) Center Leader, Ershad's Jatiya Party
A.S.M. Sulayman President, Bangladesh Krishak Sromik Party
Pir Muhsen Uddin(Dudu Miah) Vice-President, Bangladesh Democratic League
Shafiqur Rahman Chairman, Democratic Islamic League
Major(ret.) Afsar Uddin Ex President candidate, President: Democratic Party
Syed Muhsen Ali Industrialist, ex president of Dhaka Stock Exchange, ex director: IFIC Bank
Fazlul Kader Chowdhury Natural death after liberation
Muhammed Siraj Uddin Industrailist, Dhaka City Muslim League president
Advocate A.T. Saadi Retired advocate, Bangladesh Supreme Court
Advocate Ataul haque Khan Vice President, Bangladesh Muslim League
Makbulur Rahman Industrialist
Alhaj Muhammed Akil President, Bangladesh Nejame Islami Party
Principal Ruhul Kuddus Central Member, Bangladesh Jamat-i-Islami
Nurujjaman Industrialist, Director: Islamic Development Bank
Mewlana Miah Fazlul Haque Central Surah Member, Bangladesh Ittehadul Ummah
Advocate Abu Sakek Senior Advocate, Bangladesh Supreme Court
Advocate Abdun Naeem Natural death after liberation
Mewlana Siddik Ahmed Central Surah Member, Bangladesh Ittehadul Ummah
Abdul Matin Secretary General, Bangladesh Muslim League
Baristar Akhtar Uddin Lives in Saudi Arabia, Legal consultant: Saudia International
Tuaha Bin Habib Industrialist, Member: Central Majlish of Bangladesh Khelafat Andalon
Hakim Irtizaur Rahman Natural death after liberation
Raja Tridib Ray Living in Karachi, Pakistan
Fayez Bax President: Nikil Bangladesh Muslim League
P.S. 104 members of the Central Shanti Committee could not be found. All of the name above has been per published documents.
East Pakistan Shanti Committee
Name Where Now
Mewlana Farid Uddin, President Whereabouts unkonwn after liberation
Nurujjaman, General Secretary Ex director: Bangladesh Islamic Foundation Imam Prashikkan Course
Mewlana Abdul Mannan Ex Minister: Religious Affairs
Julmat Ali Khan Ex Vice President: BNP
A.K.M. Mujibul Haque Industrialist
Firoz Ahmed No info available
Cabinet of Malek
Name Where Now
Abul Kashem Natural death after liberation
Nawajesh Ahmed Vice-President: Bangladesh Muslim League
A.S.M. Sulayman President, Bangladesh Krishak Sromik Party
Obayed Ullah Majumdar Central Sura Member: Bangladesh Khelafat Andolan
Abbas Ali Khan Ex Amir: Bangladesh Jamat-i-Islami
Mewlana A.K.M. Yusuf Ex Secretary: Bangladesh Jamat-i-Islami
Mewlana Ishhak Central Sura Member: Bangladesh Khelafat Andolan
Shamsul Haque No info available
Jasim Uddin Ahmed Natural death after liberation
Angshu Pro Chowdhury Ex minister
A.K. Musarraf Hussain Secretary General: Islamic Democratic League
Mujibur Rahman Head of Bangladesh-Saudi Friendship Committee
East Pakistan delegates who met Yahiya
Name Where Now
Hamidul Haque Chowdhury Owner, Observer Group of Publications
Mahmud Ali Minister, Pakistan Gov't
Dr. Sajjad Hussain Professor: King Abdul Aziz University, Saudi Arabia; now living in Bangladesh
Justice Nurul Islam Ershad Govt's Vice President
Kazi Din Muhammed Professor: Bangla Dept, Dhaka University
Bangalee Members of Pakistani delegates in UN
Name Where Now
Shah Azizur Rahman Gen Zia's ex-Vice President, deceased in 1988
Julmat Ali Khan Ex Vice President: BNP
Razia Fayez Ex Vice President: Bangladesh Muslim League
Dr. Fatima Sadik Retired
Advocate A.T. Saadi Retired advocate, Bangladesh Supreme Court
Central Shanti Committee Liason Office and Officers
Name Office
1. A.I. Ahmed Sher, lives in Ahsan Manjil
2. Saki Sultan, lives in Kosaitola Kutowali Thana
1. Alhaj Nizir Hussain, lives in Jagganath Saha Road
2. S.M. Habibul Haque, lives in Dhanmodhi
3. Nuab Ali Advocate, lives in Central Road Lalbagh Thana
1. Alhaj Siraj Uddin, ex-M.P., lives in Rishikesh Dash Lane
2. Mahtab Uddin Khan, lives in R.K. Mission Road
3. Fayzul Haque, lives in Forash Gonj
4. Tomiz Uddin, lives in Jariatoli Lane
5. Abdur Rashid, lives in Rothkhola Road Sutrapur Thana
1. Iqbal Idris, lives in Indiara Road
2. Mahbubur Rahman Gurha, ex-Tejgaoan Ward Commissioner
3. M.S.M. Habibul Haque, lives in Dhanmondhi
4. Muhammed Nuab Ali, Headmaster: IPH School, Mohakhali Tejgaon Thana
1. Layek Ahmed Siddiki, lives in Mirpur Colorni 1 Mirpur Thana
1. M.A. Baaker, Chairman: Badshah Faisal Istitute, lives in Muhammodpur colony
2. Dr. Oshman, lives in Muhammedpur: A Block
3. Syed Muhammed Farook, lives in Kayde Azam Road, Muhammedpur
4. Shafikur Rahman, Advocate , lives in Jhigatola
5. Abdur Rahim Chowdhury, lives in Dhanmondhi Muhammedpur Thana
1. Ataul Haque Khan, Advocate, Vice President, Bangladesh Muslim League, lives in Mogbazar
2. G.A. Khan, Advocate, Vice-President: Bangladesh Muslim League
3. Professor A. Hashem
4. Julmat Ali Khan, Ex Vice President: BNP, Lives in Purana Paltan
5. Doctor Muhammed Aiyub Ali, lives in Khilgaon Chowdhury Para
6. Advocate A. Wadud Miah, lives in Shantinagar Ramna Thana
Shanti and Kollayan Council Information Office and Officers
Name Office
Muhammed Ali Sarkar, Ret. Engineer Rampura
Mawlovi Idris Ahmed Malibagh, Dhaka2
Muhammed Ali Sarkar Stadium Dhaka
12 Dhanmohdi, Road 5
Mewlana Shah Ismail Ullah Chishti 12, Govinda Dash Road
Mowlovi Tashwar Hussain Khan 2 Bashabari Lane
Mewlana Abdul Majid 66 Patla Khan Lane
12 Nabadhip Boshak Lane
Haji Muhammed Ishak Urdu Road
Rajakar High Command
Name Where Now
A.S.M. Johurul Haque : Director, Rajakhars Businessman in Dhaka
Mofiz Uddin Bhuiyan : Assistant Director, West Range Businessman in Khulna
M.I. Mridha, Tagmaye Khidmat : Assistant Director, Rajakhars Headquarters No info available
M.A. Hasnat : Assistant Director, Central Range No info available
Forid Uddin : Dhaka Town Adjutant Working in Saudi Arabia
P.S. Latrer, Muhammed Yunus(now, Director Islami Bank and Jamat Sura member) was assigned as commander-in-chief, and Mir Kashim Ali(now, Nayeb-e-Amir of Mohanogori Jamat) as head of Chittangong committee. Also, Islami Chattra Shanga's (Now, Islami Chattra Shibir) district presidents were appointed as head of their respective district's Rajakar committee.
Al-Bodor High Command(Jamat-i-Islami's Chattra Shongo(now known as Chattra Shibir)'s central committee)
Name Where Now
Motiur Rahman Nizami: Head of whole Pakistan Assist. Gen. Secretary, Jamat-i-Islami
Ali Ahsan Muhammed Mujahid : Head of East Pakistan Amir: Dhaka Mohanogori Jamat and Director of Weekly Sunar Bangla
Mir Kahem Ali: Chittagong head to start with, later 3rd in rank Dhaka Mohanagari Jamt Nayebe Amir, Director of Rabaat-e-Alaam(Bangladesh) and member, Ibn Sina Trust
Muhammed Yunus Jamt Majlish-e-Sura member, Director of Islami Bank, director of Islamic Somaj Kollyan Somiti, President of Muslim Businessmen's Society
Muhammed Kamrujjaman: Chief Organizor of Bodor Bahini Central Propaganda Secretary of Jamat-i-Islami and Editor of Weekly Sunar Bangla
Ashraf Hussain: Established Bodor Bahini and head of Mymensingh district Businessman in Dhaka
Muhammed Shamsul Haque: Head of Dhaka City Member: Majlish-e-Sura, Jamat-i-Islami
Mustafa Sawkat Imran: One of the leader of Dhaka city Never found after the liberation war
Ashrafujjaman Khan: member of Dhaka City High command and 'Chief Executor' (PRODAN JALLAD) of systematic killing of the intellectuals Now, working in Saudi Arabia
A.S.M. Ruhul Kuddus: One of the leader of Dhaka city Member: Majlish-e-Sura, Jamat-i-Islami
Sardar Abdus Salam: Head of Dhaka district
Kurram Ja Murad International Jamat leader in London, coorinates liason between Jamat in different countries
Abdul Bari: Head of Jamalpur district Businessman in Dhaka
Abdul Hai Faruki: Head of Rajshahi district Businessman in Dubai
Abdul Jaher Muhammed Naser: Head of Chittagong district Saudi Ambassador's personal assistant
Matiur Rahmann Khan: Head of Khulna district works in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Chowdhury Mayeen uddin : 'Operation in-charge' (main killer) of systematic killing of the intellectuals Lives in London and Editor of Jamat's Weekly Dawaat and leader of London-based Jamat-crony, Dawatul Islam
Noor Muhammed Mollik: One of the leader of Dhaka city No info available
A.K. Muhammed Ali: One of the leader of Dhaka city No info available
Majharul Islam: Head of Rajshahi district No info available
Tikka Khan's Education Reform Committee


Name Where Now
Dr. Syed Sajjad Hussain, VC: Dhaka University Professor: King Abdul Aziz University, Saudi Arabia; now living in Bangladesh
Dr. Hasan Jaman, Political Science Professor: Dhaka University Died while working at Saudi Arabia
Dr. Muhor Ali, History Professor: Dhaka University Works in London, Runs Islamic Institute
A.K.M. Abdul Rahman< TD> >Math Professor: Dhaka University
Dr. Abdul Bari, VC: Rajshahi University Chairman: Dhaka University 'Monjuri' Commission, Member of Governing Body: Islamic Foundation
Dr. Saifuddin Juardar deceased
Dr. Mokbul Hussain Retired
Collaborators: Dhaka University Teachers and Employees were given mendatory leave after war

Name Where Now
Begum Akhtar Imam, Provost: Rokya Hall Retired, living in Dhaka
Dr. Kazi Din Muhammed, Bangla Dept Fired by Dhaka University Syndicate, now Professor: Bangla Dept, Dhaka University
Dr. Muhammed Mustafizur Rahman, Arabic Dept Professor, Dhaka University
Dr. Fatima Sadik, Arabic Dept Kicked out of the University by Dhaka University Syndicate, now Retired
Dr. Gulam Wahed Chowdhury, Political Science Dept Owner of Garments factory in Dhaka
Dr. Rashid Ujjaman, Political Science Dept Kicked out of the University by Dhaka University Syndicate, now working in US
Dr. A.K.M. Shahid Ullah, Political Science Dept Professor: Bangla Dept, Dhaka University
A.K.M. Jamal Uddin Mustafa, Political Science Dept Kicked out of the University by Dhaka University Syndicate, now businessman in Dhaka
Dr.Muhammed Afsar Uddin, Sociology Dept Professor, Dhaka University
Dr. Mir Fokorujjaman, Psychology Science Dept deceased in 1987
Dr. Muhammed Shamsul Haque, Physics Dept Professor: Dhaka University
Dr. Abdul Jabbar, Pharmacy Dept Professor: Dhaka University
Dr. Mahbub Uddin Ahmed, Statistics Dept Businessman in London
Muhammed Obaydullah(known as Askar Ibn Shaaik), Statistics Dept Kicked out of the University by Dhaka University Syndicate, now playright for Radio and TV in Bangladesh
Muhammed Habib Ullah, Education Research Dept Lives in Pakistan
Adbul kader Miah, Education Research Dept Kicked out of the University by Dhaka University Syndicate, now wherabouts unknown
Dr. Shafia Khatun, Education Research Dept Professor: Dhaka University, Ershad's ex-minister
Lt. Colonel(ret.) Matiur Rahman, Health institute Retired in Dhaka
Atikujjaman Khan, Journalism Dept was professor: Dhaka University, now deceased
Dr. Aftab Ahmed Siddiki, Urdu/Farsi Dept Lives in Pakistan
Fazlul Kader, Urdu/Farsi Dept Kicked out of the University by Dhaka University Syndicate, now wherabouts unknown
Nurul Momen, Law Department Retired in Dhaka
Dr. S.M. Imam Uddin,Islamic History Dept Lives in Pakistan
S.D. Dolil Uddin, Care Taker: Dhaka University Works in Dhaka University
Muhammed Mahbubul Alam, Botany Dept Lives in Pakistan
Faizul Jalal uddin, Botany Dept Kicked out of the University by Dhaka University Syndicate, now wherabouts unknown
P.S. Many of these collaborator teachers were directly related to the systematic killing of the intellectuals. Their names were mentioned in the infamous diary of the Al-Badar Bahini "Chief Executionar" of intellectuals, Asrafujjaman.
Name Where Now
Nasir Ahmed, Secretary: Education Research Institute wherabouts unknown
Johir Khan, Painter of Chief Engineer's Office Kicked out of the University by Dhaka University Syndicate, now wherabouts unknown
Shah Hahan, Servant of Engineering Office wherabouts unknown
Muhammed Mustafa, Servant of Solim Ullah Hall Kicked out of the University by Dhaka University Syndicate, now wherabouts unknown
Collaborators: Rajshahi University Teachers were given mendatory leave after war
Name Where Now
Dr. Abdul Bari, V.C. Rajshahi University was Chairman of University 'Monjuri' Commission
Dr. Gulam Saklayen, Bangla Dept. Reader Now, Professor of Bangla Dept: Rajshshi University
Azizul Haque, Bangla Dept. Now, Professor of Bangla Dept: Rajshshi University
Shiekh Ataur Rahman, Bangla Dept. Now, Professor of Bangla Dept: Rajshshi University
Abdur Rahim Juardar, University Register Now, retired in Dhaka
Collaborators: Rajshahi University Teachers were arrested after war
Name Where Now
Mokbul Hussain, Chairman of Commerce Dept. Now, professor of Commerce Dept: Rajshshi University
Ahmed Muhammed Patel, Chairman of Geography Dept. Now, lives in Pakistan
Solayman Mondol, Chairman of Economics Dept. Now, professor of Economics Dept: Rajshshi University
Wasim Bari Baghi, Professor of Psychology Dept. Now, lives in Pakistan
Zillur Rahman, Reader of Law Dept. Now, professor of Law Dept: Rajshshi University
Kolim A. Sasarami, Professor of Linguistics Dept. Now, professor of Linguistics Dept: Rajshshi University
Collaborators: Rajshahi University Teacherswere accused as collaborators and absconded after the war
Name Where Now
Ahmed Ullah Khanprofessor of English Dept Now, professor of English Dept: Rajshshi University
Ibn AhmedOne of the Register Ex Register of Islamic University, Kustia
Collaborators: Bureacrats, arrested just after the liberation war
Name Role
Dr. A.M. Malek Governor
Abul Kashem Minister
Nowajish Ahmed Minister
Abbas Ali Khan Minister
Akhtar Uddin Ahmed Minister
Muhammed Ishak Minister
Jasim Uddin Minister
A.K.M. Yusuf Minister
Solayman Minister
Mujaffar Hussain Chief Secretary
N.N. Kazim Home Secretary
S.A. Reza Commissionar
M.A.K. Chowdhury IGP
M.A.R. Arif Additional IGP
Dr. M.M. Hasan DIG
Mujaffar Ahmed DLG Secretary
Mufti Masudur Rahman Education Secretary
Humayun Fayez Rasul Information Secretary
Hasan Johir Planning Commission member
Aslam Iqbal Joint Secretary: Information
Captain Khaled Ahmed OSD: Home ministry
Captain Aktar Uddin Ahmed OSD: SNGO ministry
Lt. Commandar A.A. Nasim Joint Secretary: RWORT
Muhammed Ashraf ADC: Dhaka
Mohiullah Shah ADC: Dhaka
S.K. Mahmud SP: Chittagong
A. Irfan Ali SP: Khulna
Alman Khalik SP: Dhaka
Abbas Khan AIGP
Rana Mushtak SP, Panjab Cantonment
S.M. Nawab DIG: Police
Lt. Colonel Gulam Ahmed Chowdhury Deputy Chief Engineer
Johurul Haque Deputy Director: Rajakars
Doctor A. Baseth Dhaka Medical College
Collaborators: Bureacrats, fired(out of 53) after being accused of war crimes and collaboration
Name/Role Wherabouts
M. Wazid Ali Khan, Railway Board chairman Deceased in 1974
Muhammed Lutfur Rahman, Jute Board chairman Brought back again as a secretary, now retired
M.G. Dastogir, Deputy Governor of State Bank never came back after 72
Anam Ahmed Chowdhury, Joint Secretary of Commerce Brought back again as a secretary
Dr. Muhammed Muhtazuddin Miah, Principal Scientific Officer, Neuclear Power Commission Brought back again to work in Neuclear Agricultural Institute
Asrafujjaman Khan, Director: Radio retired
Dr. Kamal Uddin Ahmed, Principal of Physics Dept. Dhaka University Brought back again to become professor of Chemistry
Dr. Abdul Haque, chairman of Jessore Education Board wherabouts unknown
Dr. Hafez Ahmed, Principal: Dhaka College wherabouts unknown
Samsuddin Ahmed, Commissioner: Rajshshi Division wherabouts unknown
Muhammed Habibir Rahman, Chief Election Commissioner wherabouts unknown
Muhammed Abu Henna, Chief Hydrographer wherabouts unknown
< Abul>, Professor: Dhaka Medical College and Hospital wherabouts unknown
Collaborators: Bureacrats, arrested after being accused of war crimes and collaboration(partial list)
Name/Role Wherabouts
Rashidul Hasan, Deputy Commissioner: Khulna wherabouts unknown
Toslim Uddin Ahmed, OSD: Takurga/Dinajpur wherabouts unknown
Syed Iqbal Ahmed, Deputy Director: Dhaka Radio wherabouts unknown
A.R.M. Fazlur Rahman, Deputy Secretary: Civil Affairs wherabouts unknown
Gulam Robbani Khan, Deputy Director: Rajshshi Radio wherabouts unknown
Abu Shahadat, Regional Director: Dhaka Radio wherabouts unknown
Source: Akattorer Ghatak O Dalal-ra: Kay Khutay?
Published by Muktizuddha Chetona Bikash Kendra, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Some information may have changed, but relevance of the information from a historic perspective is still important.
Last Modified: 09/13/2007 14:18:34
Bangladesh Liberation War 1971: Genocide
Pakistani War Criminals
NEWS FROM BANGLADESH, March 16, 1999
Editorial and Commentary:
Why should Bangladesh raise the issue of genocide?
By - A.H. Jaffor Ullah
Z.A. Khan's memoirs "The way it was" spilled quite a few names who were involved in gratuitous merciless killings of Bengalis in occupied Bangladesh. The swiftness with which the genocide was carried out by Pakistani Army had no parallel in the annals of mankind. Despite the publicity it generated during the short nine-month period, Bengali leader Sheikh Mujib was almost mum about it. Perhaps Sheikh Mujib thought rebuilding the war-ravaged infrastructure of his nation was more important at the time than finding out among Pakistanis who- did-what in 1971.
Perhaps it was a mistake of monumental proportion that the leadership of the newly formed nation never asked for a trial of Pakistani generals and officers who were involved in extermination of three million Bengalis, never mind the rape of a quarter million Bengali women.
In 1975, a military general who came to power in Bangladesh through violence never showed any interest whatsoever in this subject matter. To the contrary, this general was alleged to have worked behind the scene establishing a good relationship with his masters from the olden days. After the violent over throw of this general, another Bangladesh General ruled the country with tight iron grip from 1982 through 1991. During his reign too, Bangladesh Genocide was very much considered to be an anathema. As such, the government never did pursue to raise the consciousness about the wanton killings of 1971. Like his predecessor, this cagey general also looked other the way around when question of Bangladesh Genocide was raised by the intelligentsia of the nation.
The democracy finally did return to Bangladesh in 1991 and we thought that this time around the question of Bangladesh Genocide would be raised by the Prime Minister. But that did not happen. The Prime Minister was more inclined to forge a close relationship with Pakistan than ask the genocide question to redress the issue of wanton killing by Pakistani army.
After a long twenty-one year period Sheikh Mujib's party came into power in Bangladesh through adult franchise and we enthusiastically looked forward to the leadership of Awami League for raising the genocide issue. Mrs. Hasina Wazed, the Prime Minister half-heartedly asked that question to Mr. Nawaz Sharif in 1997. There were some rumblings in Pakistani press, but that was all; no progress was made in the past two years. In February 1999 when Pakistani Prime Minister did visit Dhaka to attend a conference of eight Muslim nations the Prime Minister of Bangladesh did not pose that question to Mr. Sharif, perhaps not to embarrass the Prime Minister. However, there were enough static in Dhaka and elsewhere to demand an apology from Pakistan for Bangladesh Genocide. Some civic organizations in Dhaka were stridently protesting while the leaders of eight Muslim nations met in a close door session.
I presume this genocide issue is not going to vanish in the thin air as most Pakistani politicians and military leaders would seem to think. The Internet had so far been proven to be an extremely effective media to educate and disseminate all the Bengalis on the issue of Bangladesh Genocide. Bengalis from both Bangladesh and West Bengal were affected by the gruesome events of 1971. Perhaps the genocide issue will bind the entire Bengali communities all over the world because disproportionately more Hindus suffered in the hands of Pakistani soldiers.
Pakistani government should know that Bangladesh Genocide is a touchy issue with all the Bengalis and it is going to stay that way in the foreseeable future till Pakistan offers an apology on behalf of his rogue military.
Mrs. Hasina Wazed should come to her senses knowing that Pakistan is not a major trading partner of Bangladesh. Perhaps Bangladesh should put pressure to Pakistan telling them point blank to apologize for gruesome killings of Bengalis in 1971, or else face the consequence. The consequence being cut off diplomatic relations between the two countries. Bangladesh will survive rather well without being cahoots with a pariah nation, which still refuses to come to terms with her past misdeeds.
Appendix One
A partial list of Pakistani military officers who committed Genocide in Bangladesh in 1971
Here is a list of Pakistani military personnel involved in mass killings in occupied Bangladesh from March 25 through December 16, 1971. This partial list was prepared solely from reading the accounts of Brigadier Z.A. Khan who himself was an accomplice in Pakistan's genocidal military. Brigadier Khan's account was published in News From Bangladesh in early March in seven part series. This ex-military officer of Pakistan wrote in vivid details the untold tales of destruction and subjugation of Bengali nation. The surviving ex- military officers from the list should be brought to justice because they have committed crime against humanity. A few of the generals and most young officers of the day are still alive in Pakistan. They should know that while they had all but forgotten their misdeeds the Bengalis remember them very well. Like holocaust survivor who hunted the Nazis till this day, the Bengalis will also do the same to bring these criminals to justice. South Asia will be a better place for our descendents once these criminals are brought to justice - alive or posthumously.
Here is the partial list:
The Generals
1. General Yahya Khan, military president of Pakistan in 1971. He refused to transfer power to Awami League after the general election of December 10, 1970, when Awami League had won the general election.
2. General Abdul Hamid Khan, Chief of Army Staff (CAS), was one of the architects of Bangladesh Genocide. This general, popularly known as General Hamid (or Hameed) was in Dacca before March 26, 1971, working on a military plan to terrorize Bengalis. He also visited occupied Bangladesh several times to see firsthand the progress of the killing machine.
3. Lt. General Gul Hassan Khan, Chief of General Staff (CGS), Pakistani Army. Contrary to what he might have said, he was one of the principal architects of Bangladesh Genocide. His very presence in troubled land of Chittagong during the early days of Bengali resistance proves beyond any shadow of doubt that he was an active planner of Bangladesh Genocide.
4. Lt. General Tikka Khan, military chief in East Pakistan during March through December 1971. Planner and Chief Executioner of Bangladesh Genocide. He later became Governor of East Pakistan.
5. Lt. General A.A. Niazi, Planner and Executioner of Bangladesh Genocide. He joined the occupation force later. His soldiers burned the villages and killed thousands of Bengalis throughout rural Bangladesh
6. Lt. General Sahibzada Yaqub Khan.
7. Major General Rao Farman, Military Intelligence Chief in East Pakistan during March through December, 1971. Planner and Executioner of Bangladesh Genocide.
8. Major General A. O. Mitha. This general was everywhere in occupied Bangladesh causing destruction and death. This person had practically managed the killing machine of Pakistani army in erstwhile East Pakistan. He joined the army high command in Dacca in early March 1971. He was brought from West Pakistan solely for the death and destruction of Bengalis in East Pakistan.
9. Major General Khadim Hussain Raja. He suspected Brigadier Mazumdar, a Bengali officer, of siding with Bengalis. He came all the way from west Pakistan to arrest Brigadier Mazumdar. He later became chief of Chittagong operation for Pak Army.
10. Major General Akbar, Director General, ISI. He helped Pak Army carry out the Genocide by providing intelligence data. Major General M. Rahim Khan took control 14 Division and replaced Major General Khadim Hussain Raja. His forces were responsible for all the killings done in Mymensing-Dacca-Jessore area. This general was a first rate executioner of Bangla Genocide. He was responsible for atrocities committed along the Dacca-Bhairav Bazaar Railway line.
11. Major General Rahim Khan, Commander of 14 Division, was stationed in Dacca. His officers and soldiers were very much involved in Army-led Bangladesh Genocide. In June 1971, he was transferred from being the Divisional Chief of 14 Division to Martial law Headquarters in Dacca.
The Officers
1. Brigadier Ghulam Jilani Khan, Chief of Staff (COS) of Eastern Command. He was an active person and was a part of planner of Bangladesh Genocide. He was a key person who knew every bit detail of the plan to exterminate Bengalis in the occupied land. During liberation period (in June 1971) he was promoted to the rank of Major General and was given the position of Director General, ISI in West Pakistan.
2. Brigadier Jehanzeb Arbab (later become Lt. General in Pakistan) aided the abduction of Sheikh Mujib.
3. Brigadier Iqbal Shafi, 53rd Brigade assaulted Bengalis in the Feni area. Later he moved to Chittagong area to help crush Bengali resistance.
4. Brigadier Asghar Hussain, 205 Brigade, was active in Chittagong area.
5. Brigadier Hesky Baig was very active in the Chittagong Port Area.
6. Brigadier Sherullah Beg was the Commander of Special Service Group and was stationed in Dacca.
7. Brigadier Ghulam Muhammad took over the command of Special Service Group from Brigadier Sherullah Beg sometime in May 1971.
8. Brigadier N.A. Hussain was the Chief of 27 Brigade in Mymensingh. All killings in that part of occupied land including Madhupur Garh was done by his soldiers.
9. Lt. Colonel Z.A. Khan (later become Brigadier in Pakistan) was very active in Chittagong and Chittagong Hill Tracts Area. He was the Commander of 3 Commando Battalion in Rangamati under Division 14.
10. Lt. Colonel Yakub Malik, Commanding Officer 53 Field Regiment Artillery, was very active in Comilla area.
11. Lt. Colonel A.H. Fatmi, Commanding Officer of 20 Baluch
12. Lt. Colonel Rathore of Signal Corps was active in Chittagong city area.
13. Lt. Colonel Shakur Jan was very active in Bhairav Bazaar area. He took active part in landing Pak army to Ashuganj side of Bhairav Bazaar railway bridge.
14. Lt. Colonel S.M. Naeem, Commanding Officer 39 Baluch Command, was very active in Brahamanbaria in late May 1971.
15. Lt. Colonel Jaffar Hussain visited occupied Bangladesh from Rawalpindi in June 1971. He was with Major General Mitha while visiting Dacca. He toured all over occupied land with the Major General.
16. Lt. Colonel Abdur Rehman (later was promoted to Brigadier in Pakistan) was the GSO 1 (Training) at eastern Command in Dhaka.
17. Lt. Colonel Iqbal Nazir Waraich came in June/July 1971 to take charge of 3 Commando Battalion in Rangamati.
18. Lt. Colonel Hanif Malik became the Commander of 2 Battalion in June/July 1971.
19. Colonel S. D. Ahmad. This person worked at the Martial Law Headquarters, Dacca at the time of crisis in March, 26, 1971. He was one of the executioners of Bangladesh genocide. He was involved in planning the abduction of Sheikh Mujib by the Pak military.
20. Colonel Akbar (later become Brigadier in Pakistan) was the GS of Eastern Command in Dacca.
21. Colonel Shigri, Officiating Commandant of the East Bengal Center in Chittagong
22. Major Shujauddin Butt was a part of Baluch Regiment but worked in Martial law Headquarters. At this headquarters dissident Bengalis picked up from all parts of Dacca were brought in. Most Bengalis never did come alive once brought to this place for questioning.
23. Major Bilal, Jangju Company, Pak Army, aided in planning Sheikh Mujib's abduction. Also, he took part in disarming 4 east Bengal Regiment.
24. Major Sultan (later become Lt. Colonel). He was the brigade major in Comilla.
25. Major Salman Ahmad, Ebrahim Company Commander. He was very familiar with the Headquarters of East Pakistan Rifles. He helped Pak Army to raid E.P. Rifles Headquarters.
26. Major Mohammad Iqbal (later become Brigadier in Pakistan), Ghazi Company Commander, was active in the Chittagong area.
27. Major Anees, 20 Baluch and 24 FF, was in Chittagong city.
28. Major Hedayet Ullah Jan, commander of 2 Commando battalion, was very active in Rangamati. He was aiding Lt. Colonel Z.A. Khan in Hill Tracts area to go after East Pakistan Riflemen who sided with Mukti Bahini.
29. Major Salman, 3 Commando Battalion, worked in the Chittagong area as an intelligence gathering agent for Pak Army.
30. Major Tariq Mahmood who later became Brigadier in Pakistan was Officer in Command, Parachute Training School, Dacca. He helped with aerial mobilization of Pak Army all across the occupied Bangladesh.
31. Major Beg, Ordnance Corps, was stationed in Chittagong.
32. Major Nadir was originally with Ordnance Corps but later transferred to the command of Lt. Colonel Z.A. Khan in Chittagong Hill Tracts. He was kept in Dacca by his supervisor, Lt. Col. Khan.
33. Captain Humayun. He also aided in planning Sheikh Mujib's abduction.
34. Captain Saeed, aided in the abduction of Sheikh Mujib.
35. Captain Sajjad Akbar of Hamza Company, stationed in Commilla.
36. Captain Kayani, 20 Baluch line, worked in Saeedpur-Bogra area.
37. Captain Zaidi (later become Brigadier in Pakistan), 2 Company Commando, also raided E.P. Rifles Headquarters.
38. Captain Parvez (later become Lt. Colonel in Pakistan), 2 Commando Battalion, was active in Chittagong area.
39. Captain Zahid (later become Brigadier in Pakistan), the GSO 3 of 53 Brigade in Rangamati.
40. Captain Munir worked with Lt. Colonel Z.A. Khan in Rangamati.
41. Lieutenant Haider of Hamza Company, Commilla.
42. Lt. Commander Akhtar (later became Captain) who secured Patenga Airport from E.P. Rifles
Non-Commissioned Officers:
1. Havaldar Major Khan Wazir. He was a member of a team to abduct Sheikh Mujib. He also physically assaulted Sheikh Mujib.
2. Subedar Ramzan was active in Kaptai Area.
3. Subedar Ramzan aided Captain Munir in Rangamati.
4. Subedar Major Zardad Khan was a part of 2 Commando Battalion stationed in Dacca.
Air Force Officers
1. Squadron Leader Abdul Munim Khan. This officer ran C-130 transport plane all across East Pakistan transporting Pakistani soldiers and food items.
2. Squadron Leader Shuaib Alam was Security in charge of Air Observer Unit, Tejgaon Airport.
Navy Officers
1. Commodore R.A. Mumtaz, stationed at Chittagong was the chief of navy in East Pakistan. Pakistan Navy aided the Army in the field of intelligence gathering, interrogating suspected Bengali freedom fighter.
2. Commander Tariq Kamal Khan (later he became Admiral and Chief of Naval Staff, Pakistan Navy) was stationed at Chittagong. He was the commander of PNS Jehangir, the destroyer. He helped the military with communication gears and firing at E.P. Rifle headquarters to crush Bengali resistance in Chittagong area.
3. Lt. Commander Shamoon Alam Khan was also working for ISI. He also helped Pak Army to recapture Rangamati.
The above list was prepared from the memoirs "The way it was" written by Brigadier Z.A. Khan of Pakistani Army. As a commander of a Commando Force, Brigadier Z.A. Khan was very active in the systematic extermination of Bengalis all over occupied Bangladesh in 1971.
Source: This article reprinted from NEWS FROM BANGLADESH of March 16, 1999 for wider dissemination. Thank you. W.Zaman.
Source: Internet Posting in newsgroup soc.culture.bangladesh by W.Zaman

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