THE WAR CRIME & THE CRIMINALS
During the liberation war of 1971, Pakistani occupation army led by General Yahiya Khan and his colleagues in collaboration with the anti liberation forces (Jamat, Muslim League, and other religious political parties) of Bangladesh killed a total of 3 million unarmed Bengalis, molested and raped about 450,000 Bengali women and, on the eve of the independence, murdered hundreds of leading intellectuals to spiritually cripple the nation. A crime far exceeds, in its atrocity and inhumanity, the crimes of Hitler, Melosovitch, the nazis and the fascists.
The war criminals of Bangladesh liberation war were never tried and they have never apologized for their crimes to the nation:
1. Killing of 50,000 Bangalees in Dhaka on 25 and 26 March, 1971 under the military operation code named “operation searchlight”. and ruthless massacre of 3 million unarmed Bangalees over nine months of armed occupation by Pakistani military.
2. Senseless and wanton loots, rapes, arson and killings in Bangladeshi countryside during the course of the “sweeping operations” following the military crack down.
3. Preplanned killings of intellectuals and professionals like doctors, engineers, civil servants, students and social workers and burying them in mass graves over nine months occupation to spiritually cripple the Bangalees.
4. Rapes and molestation of 450,000 Bangalee women by the officers and soldiers of Pakistani occupation army as a deliberate act of revenge, retaliation and torture. Use of thousands of Bangalee women as sex slaves and comfort girls in military camps and bunkers by the members of all ranks of Pakistani occupation army.
5. Ethnic (Hindu) cleansing. Forced pregnancy of Hindu women and deliberate killing of Hindu males to exterminate Bengali Hindus as a race.
WHAT IS WAR CRIME?
Article 147 of the Fourth Geneva Convention defines war crimes as: “Willful killing, torture or inhuman treatment, including… willfully causing great suffering or serious injury to body or health, unlawful deportation or transfer or unlawful confinement of a protected person, compelling a protected person to serve in the forces of a hostile power, or willfully depriving a protected person of the rights of fair and regular trial, …taking of hostages and extensive destruction and appropriation of property, not justified by military necessity and carried out unlawfully and wantonly.”
At the heart of the concept of war crimes is the idea that an individual can be held responsible for the actions of a country or that nation’s soldiers. Genocide, crimes against humanity, mistreatment of civilians or combatants during war can all fall under the category of war crimes. Genocide is the most severe of these crimes.
The body of laws that define a war crime are the Geneva Conventions and the statutes of the International Criminal Tribunal in The Hague (ICTY). (BBC)
Forces Opposing Bangladesh Independence:
Regular Army: 80 000
Rangers and Militia: 24 000
Civilian Forces: 24 000
Razaker, Al-badar and Al-shams : 50 000 (estimated)
* Pakistan armed Forces
Headquarter : Eastern Command
Chief Martial Law Administrator : Lt. Gen. Tikka Khan (March 6 to August 1971)
Lt. Gen. A. A. K Niazi (August to December 16, 1971)
Adviser : Major General Rao Farman Ali
Chief of Stuff : Brig. Bakar Siddiqi
Regional Chief : Major General Nazir Hossain Shah
Major General S H Ansari
Major General Rahim Khan
• Peace Committee:
Established : April 1971
Convener : Khawza Khairuddin
Organizers : Prof. Golam Azam
A. Q. M Shafiqul Islam
Moulana Syed Masum
• Razaker forces
Established : May 1971 (Khulna)
Ordinance : June 1971
Convener : Moulana A K M Yusuf
Director : A S M Zahrul Huq
• Al-Badar and Al-Shams
Members of Islamic chhattra sangha, student wing of Jamat-e-Islam party killer force of Pakistan Army, like the SS of Hitler.
Razakars
" The Razakars.....should be specially helpful as members of rural communities, who can identify guerrillas (freedom fighters)", an army officer (Pakistan) said...The government says it has already recruited more than 22,000 Razakars of a planned force of 35,000.'-New York Times, July 30, 1971
' To help control of Bengali population, the army has been setting up a network of peace committees superimposed upon the normal civil administration, which the army cannot fully rely upon. Peace committee members are drawn from .....Beharis and from the Muslim Leagues and Jamat-e-Islami. The peace committees serve as the agent of army, informing on civil administration as well as on general populace. They are also in charge of confiscating and redistribution of shops and lands from Hindu and pro-independence Bengalis. The peace committee also recruits Razakars......many of them are common criminals who have thrown their lots with the (Pakistan) army.-The Wall Street Jornal, July 27,1971.
I think, perhaps you remember, Fazlul Kader Chowdhiury ...an honorable person, Sabur Khan, Monayem Khan, Maulabhi Farid Khan of Technaf.... all of them were pro-'Pakistan. They used to see me. All of them". - Niazi "The Betrayal of East Pakistan"
The term Razakar is originally derived from an Arabic word meaning volunteer. In the context of Islamic history Razakars were volunteers to defend or support Islam. But in Bangladeshi context Razakar means traitors or collaborators of the Paki army who helped them, in our liberation war in 1971, in identifying and killing millions of Bangalees involved in or even supporting the liberation war. The Razakars were mainly the members of Muslim league, Jamat-e-Islam and other Islamic groups and factions. During the liberation war the razakars:
provided intelligence against the freedom fighters, the supporters and sympathizers of the war
abducted, arrested and eventually killed them with the help of the Paki troops and party cadres in various army, concentration camps and killings zones
burnt their houses and looted their properties
kidnapped thousands of Bangalee women and trafficked them to various Paki military camps
raped and molested 450, 000 Bangalee women.
Names of some top razakars: Go Azam (Gholam Azam), Monnan, Motya (Matiur Rahman Nizami, head of Chhatra Sangha, the students’ organization of Jamat-e-islam and Al-Badr and Al Sams forces), Delu (Delwar Hossain Saidi), Moinuddin (the assassin), Al Mojahid, Anwar Zahid, Foka Chowdhury. All of them escaped trial following the assassination of Sheikh Mujib by the army and were later rehabilitated by the military dictator Ziaur Rahman, the sole beneficiary of Sheikh Mujib murder.
How the Razkars were created: Politically Razakar forces were created by the Paki military intelligence (ISI-Inter Services Intelligence, and possibly with active support from CIA) and they were the predecessors of today’s Talibans. Members of both the forces, Razakars and Talibans, were recruited, trained and inducted in the same process. They were recruited from lower middle class, semi illiterate, Muslim families mostly from madrasa (parochial Islamic institutes) background. After recruitment they were inducted to Maududi’s ideology which prescribes extermination of non-Muslims and liberals. The razakar force was created to serve as a tool of Paki establishment to systematically turn East Bangla (as with Afghanistan) into a mere colony. The first step for the Paki establishment was to destroy in order to take over the textile industries. They did it in 1964 by means of a series of communal riots, incited by the activists of Muslim league and other Islamic parties, forcing the Bangalee Hindu textile owners to migrate. West Pakistani capitalists, not a single Bangalee, took over all the textile mills: the Adamjees, the Bawanis and the Ispahanis. Although missed out on the big bites, the Muslim leaguer and Jamati thugs, however, received the leftovers: the properties (residential and shops) left by the middle class Hindu Bangalees.
Once the Bangalee elites were kicked out, razakars were deployed to force out the educated Hindu middle class. The reasons were: Hindu Bangalees were politically conscious and they were the patrons of democracy and liberalism in East Bangla. Communist party where mainly the highly educated and patriotic Hindus congregated were banned and the members were brutally repressed by the police forces (they were even killed in jail). Paki politicians knew very well that they could not fool the Bangalees as easily as they could the Pakis. The Hindu Bangalees were highly competent in parliamentary politics, a competence they learned through anti British movement. The shrewd Paki politicians knew that the only way to counter Bangalees politically was to rid of the Hindu middle class by means of Islamic ideology. For this the razakars came in very handy. They again instigated the common people against the malauns (the heathens, Hindus). Communal riots surged, Hindu houses burnt and women kidnapped. All the decent Hindu families left East Bangla except for the working class and a few die hard patriots like Dhirendra Nath Datta who refused to leave his motherland even for his life. It was a great opportunity for the Muslim Leaguers and razakars. They not only occupied the Hindu assets and properties but also took over their jobs, professions and trades. The janitors of Hindu trading houses became the owners of the business, 6th grade pass peon of schools became the headmaster and that of college became lecturers and principals. The Hindus fought the British for their independence but kicked out of their motherland by the Muslim leaguers and razakars who had no contribution in anti British movement. What an irony of fate. How horrible Islam as an ideology.
Towards the end of the liberation war, the razakars realizing that they could not stop the liberation (thanks to Russian and Indian support and extraordinary leadership of Tajuddin Ahmed) of Bangladesh, inflicted the deadliest blow against the emergent nation: they killed the top Bangalee intellectuals and professionals. The blueprint for the elimination of Bangalee intellectuals was done even before the start of the war. The blueprint was done by the ISI headed by its Eastern commander Gen Rao Forman Ali in collaboration with the top Jamati / Muslim League leaders (see photo on Genocide page).
The Razakars were behind the killing of a total number of 3 million Bangalees and rape and molestation of 450, 000 Bangalee women. After independence the Awami league Government arrested most of them. But due to political pressures from both home (Maulana Bhasani) and abroad (USA, all the Middle Eastern countries led by Saudi Arabia) Sheikh Mujib released the minor Razakars from imprisonment under general amnesty. But Sheikh Mujib never forgave the top Razakars. The leader of Jamat-e-Islam Go-Azam’s citizenship was revoked. Motya and other top leaders were in jail under trial. After the assassination of Mujib, the whole political scenario was changed. Zia granted Go-Azam Bangladeshi citizenship, released all the Razakars imprisoned on various criminal charges and by amending the constitution allowed them to be involved in politics (Mujib banned communal politics). Not only that under the banner of his new party BNP (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) he rehabilitated all the notorious Razakars and Muslim Leaguers (awarded premiership to a notorious razakar Shah Aziz)
Following Zia’s lead his successor Ershad, in the midst of his massive screw ups, kept pampering the Razakars and the Muslim leaguers. As a result of fifteen years of pampering the once loathed Razakars now became the most powerful people of Bangladesh, a country ironically they fought against. Being in power they deliberately destroyed (while the BNP leaders were busy stealing the public money to get rich) the main political / social institutions of Bangladesh and rewrote the history of our liberation war. The 71 episode is banished from the history texts of Bangladeshi schools. Their mentor Zia (an ordinary major in 1971 who even helped Pakis in clearing the weapons later used to gun down Bangalees and changed side only when he realized he was to be disposed after the weapons were cleared) is portrayed as the leader of the liberation war and Mujib is condemned as a traitor who betrayed the infamous Lahore Convention- root of all political evils in Indian sub continent.
Since 1947, the razakars have been doing the same thing again and again: they are using Islamic ideology to counter democracy and liberalism; with their usual recourse to fascism and violence they are keeping social progress at bay (Islam represents feudalism not capitalism, although created by USA specially the CIA, Bin Laden hates America), they are indirectly helping the capitalist countries to keep Muslim countries as markets.
On behalf of the 3 million Bangalees who gave their lives for the liberation war and 450, 000 Bangalee women, raped and molested by the Pakis and the Razakars, Muktadhara demands the trial of all the war criminals and Razakars of Bangladesh liberation war.
Atrocities of the Razakars
The atrocities of the razakars in killing the Bengalis equaled those of their Pakistani peers. An excerpt from an article written in the Azad, dated January 15, 1972, underscores the inhuman atrocities of the Pakistani troops and their associates, the razakar and al-badr forces:
'....The people of Narail can bear witness to the reign of terror, the inhuman atrocities, inflicted on them after (General) Yahya let loose his troops to do what they would. After March 25, many people fled Jessore in fear of their lives, and took refuge in Narail and its neighboring localities. Many of them were severely bashed by the soldiers of Yahya and lost their lives. Very few people ever returned. Bhayna is a flourishing village near Narail. Ali Akbar is a well-known figure there. On April 8, the Pakistani troops surrounded the village on the pretext that it was a sanctuary for freedom fighters. Just as fish are caught in a net so too were the people of this village all assembled, in an open field. Then everyone- men, women, and children--were all forced to line up. Young men between the ages of 25 and 30 were lined up separately. 45 people were shot to death on the spot. Three of Ali Akbar's brothers were killed there. Ali Akbar was able to save himself by lying on the ground. But no one else of that group was as fortunate. Nadanor was the Killing field. Every day 20 to 30 people were taken there with their hands tied behind their backs, and killed. The dead bodies would be flung into the river. Apart from this, a slaughter house was also readied for Bengalis. Manik, Omar, and Ashraf were sent to Jessore Cantonment for training and then brought to this slaughter house. Every day they would slaughter 9 to 12 persons here. The rate per person was Taka ten. On one particular day, 45 persons were slaughtered here. From April 15 to December 10, the butchery continued. It is gathered that 2,723 people lost their lives here. People were brought here and bashed, then their ears were cut off, and their eyes gouged out. Finally they were slaughtered... : The Chairman of the Peace Committee was Moulana Solaiman. With Dr. Abul Hussain and Abdul Rashid Mukhtar, he assisted in the genocide. Omar would proudly say, "During the day I am Omar, at night I am Shimar( legendary executioner famous for extreme cruelty). Don't you see my dagger? There are countless Kafirs (heretics) on it."
Ms Hamida Rahman "Narail: Hattyajanger Arekti Baddhabhwni" (Narail: Another Golgotha)
Abbas Ali Khan
Abbas Ali Khan was the second in command in Jamat. Until Golam Azan was officially declared to be the Ameer (or Leader) of the party, Khan acted as the chief. Khan's role in 1971 was against the independence of Bangladesh, and against the spirit of Bengali nationalism. In 1971, he was the deputy chief of Pakistan Jamaat-e-Islami. Khan gave leadership to para-military forces such as the Razakars, Al-Badrs and Al-Shams, all formed by the Jamaat and like- minded parties in cooperation with the Pakistan army. The principal aim behind formation of these three forces was to provide battle-field support to the military, gather intelligence about local resistance groups, identify and eliminate Bengali nationalist elements, and carry out raids on villages involving mass killngs, rape, arson and lootings. The Pakistan army enjoyed direct assistance from these paramilitary forces in its campaign of genocide which resulted in the death of three million unarmed people of Bangladesh. Abbas Ali Khan abetted and encouraged Pakistan army's genocide through speeches at countless rallies, statements to and, articles in newspapers etc. Khan also played a leading role in the central "Peace Committee", which was set up to directly and indirectly assist the Pakistan army's campaign in Bangladesh. The "Peace Committee" formed branches all over the country, manned by local leaders of Jamaat and camp-followers. These committees acted as the political wing of the three paramilitary forces and played an active role in assisting Pakistan army's attempt to brutally suppress the Bengali's struggle for freedom in 1971.
According to reports in the press during 197 1, Khan became a minister in the cabinet of governor M A Malek, after taking part in a series of stage-managed parliamentary by- elections. The seats put up for by-elections were all held by members of the Awami League. The seats were declared vacant by the Pakistan military junta after the Awami League was banned on Mar 26, 197 1. Khan assumed the office of the minister for education in Malek's puppet government on Sept 17, 1971.
On Nov 25, Abbas Ali Khan said in a statement, "I have no doubt that the Indian army has began a shameless aggression in several fronts under the guise of the Mukti Bahini with the despicable aim of swallowing East Pakistan. Our armed forces alone cannot carry on this war. It is the duty of every citizen to strengthen the hands of our soldiers and help save the dignity of our dear Pakistan". In the same statement, with an oblique reference to Bengali intellectuals and freedom fighters, he called on people to "stay alert against people engaged in anti-state and destructive activities. Help the armed forces and the Peace Committees to eliminate these elements".
On Dec 10, just four days before the killings of intellectuals reached its peak, he said in another speech, "In the Battle of Badr, only 313 Muslim troops faced over 1,000 Kuraish, and were victorious. Today, 130 million people (the then population of West Pakistan and Bangladesh combined) are fully prepared to defend this sacred land. Our enemies are the rumor mongers, the agent provocateurs and those who propagate in favor of India or that imaginary country Bangladesh. You have to be ware of these enemies. Smash their poisonous fangs at the first opportunity. Join hands with our Razakar, Al-Badr and Al- Shams forces and dedicate yourself to the task of saving the country."
Governor Malek formed several sub-committees in December to strengthen the attack of Pak army. Khan was put in charge of the information sub-committee, along with A S M Solaiman. Khan continued to propagate against Bangladesh even after 197 1. In 1980, while addressing his first post- 1971 press conference, Khan showed no remorse for what he or his party had done. Instead, he said, "We did the right thing in 1971 . " Even today, Khan continues to conspire against the independence of Bangladesh and against the Bengali national identity of the people. He continues his efforts to turn Bangladesh into a second Pakistan.
Mohammad Kamruzzaman
Mohd Kamruzzaman was the former executive editor of the Jamati mouthpiece Daily Sangram, and presently editor of the weekly Sonar Bangla. In 1971, Kamruzzarnan was the leader of the Islami Chattra Sangha (Islamic students organization) in Mymensingh. He was also the principal organizer of the Al-Badr force. An article in the Daily Sangram on August 16,197 1, said, "A rally and symposium were organized in Mymensingh by the Al- Badr to celebrate the 25th independence day of Pakistan. The chief organizer of the Al-Badr, Mouhammed Kamruzzaman presided over the symposium held at the local Muslim Institute."
Kamaruzzaman's war crimes:
1. According to one Fazlul Huq of Sherpur area, father of a martyr, an 11 member Al-Badr squad led by Kamruzzarnan took away his son Badiuzzaman sometime in June or July in 1971. Huq said his son was taken to the Pakistan army camp in nearby Ahmednagar and murdered. After independence, the late Badiuzzaman's brother Hasanuzzaman filed a case at the Nalitabari police station, with Kamruzzaman as the principal among the 18 accused in the murder of Badiuzzaman.
2. In the same Sherpur area, one Shahjahan Talukdar told that cadres of the Al-Badr kidnapped his cousin Golam Mostafa on August 24, 197 1, in broad daylight. Mostafa was then taken to the local Al-Badr camp which was set up in a house on Surendra Mohan Road of Sherpur town. After brutally torturing Mostafa at the camp, Al-Badr forces took him to the nearby Sherry Bridge and shot him dead. Kamruzzarnan was known to have ordered the killing. Many others in Sherpur confirmed that the killing of Golam Mostafa was carried out on Kaniruzzaman's direct order.
3. Allegations of torture at the Al-Badr camp in Sherpur were also made by Tapas Shaha, a former student leader of the area. He said men, women and youth of the area used to be taken forcibly to the camp where Al-Badr cadres under direct supervision of Kamruzzaman used to carry out gruesome acts of torture. For instance, one Majid, at the time an elected office-bearer of the town council, was taken to the camp and kept inside a darkened hole for a whole day.
4. In the middle of May, the then head of the Dept of Islamic History and Culture at Sherpur College, Syed Abdul Hannan was paraded through the streets of the town, totally naked, with his head shaven and a "garland" of shoes around his neck. Kamruzzaman and his cohorts dragged the professor around the town in mid-day, beating him with leather whips as he was dragged, Tapas Shaha told the Commission.
5. Ziaul Huq, a former leader of Awami League, said he was taken by three Al-Badr men on August 22 at around 5pm. He was then kept at the camp for two days, in the darkened hole. He said Kamruzzaman run the torture center. He was released after being told to leave the area, otherwise he was told he would be killed,
6. Emdadul Huq Hira, a former freedom fighter and currently a leader of the Jatiya Party, said his home was burnt down by Pakistani troops who were being guided by Kamruzzaman. He told the Commission that the troops set up five bunkers in the premises of his home, and used a big tree in the courtyard to tie up prisoners before shooting them dead.
7. Another eye-witness Musfiquzzaman, currently a teacher at the Haji Jai Mamud College in Sherpur, said that homes and business establishments at Tin Ani Bazar were looted in the middle of August in the presence of and under the leadership of Kamruzzaman.
8. One eyewitness, who worked as a driver of trucks which were used to carry troops as well as prisoners and dead bodies, said that Kamruzzaman guided Pakistani troops to the house of a freedom fighter identified only as Honta. The troops burned the house down, the driver said.
There were also allegations that Kamruzzarnan organized and led robbery gangs in the area.
Abdul Alim
A former minister in the cabinet of late president Gen Ziaur Rahman (1977-81), Abdul Alim served as the chairman of the "Peace Committee" in Joypurhat in 1971.
1. The first piece of evidence against Alim is given on page 38- 39 of the The Killers and Collaborators of 1971: An Account of Their Whereabouts. It says, "Abdul Alim himself carried out execution of Bengalis by lining them up in rows and then shooting them. Besides, there are many allegations of Alim killing Bengalees by bayonet charges".
2. The same book carries a photograph from a newspaper of the period, which shows a beaming Alim standing beside one Major Afzal of the Pakistan army. Sitting on the ground were a number of freedom fighters, blindfolded and with their hands tied behind their backs. "Those freedom fighters were paraded through the town and later shot dead."
3. According to Dr Kazi Nazrul Islam of Joypurhat, son of late Dr Abul Kashem, on July 24, 197 1, Razakar forces in association with the Pakistani troops raided his father's home and took the latter away. This was done on the orders of Abdul Alim, he said. After torturing Kashem throughout the night, the Razakars took him to Alim at the "Peace Committee" office. Kashem was then sent to Joypurhat police station, and finally to Pakistan army camp at nearby Khanchanpur. On July 26, Kashem was murdered on the order of Alim. Kashem's decomposed body was discovered in a sugarcane field a month later. The killing of Abul Kashem on the orders of Abdul Alim was confirmed by many others in the area, including elected village council chairman of Bomboo Union Molla Shamsul Alam.
4. Molla Shamsul Alam, an eyewitness to the activities of Alim, narrated the tale of one freedom fighter, Fazlu who was captured by Pakistani troops after a fire-fight. He said the Pakistanis took Fazlu and two other prisoners to Abdul Alim at the C&B Colony hall room. Outside, Alim stood on truck and said to supporters gathered there, "Fazlu's father is a friend of mine. I had repeatedly asked him to dissuade his son from this path, but he didn't. Today he has to be to given his punishment, and that is death. I ask you all to find out those who still talk of Joy Bangla (Victory to Bengal, war-cry of the freedom fighters), in your neighbourhoods and beat them to death". Fazlu and others were then taken to Alim's house where they were put through inhuman torture. Later they were taken to the killing grounds in Khanchanpur and murdered.
5. Molla Shamsul Alam also alleged in his testimony that Alim carried out killings of poor members of the Garoal community. In April 1971, Pakistani troops arrested 26 Garoals and took them to Alim's house. They were kept there for three days, then taken to Khanchanpur and killed. Alam further said that Alim used his house as a recruitment camp for Razakars during 197 1. Recruitment of Razakars was one of Alim's duties.
6. Alam also said that in April, Pakistani troops surrounded the Hindu area of Koraikadipur village in Joypurhat and massacred 165 men and women. This raid was carried out on the orders of Alim and Jamaat leader Abbas Ali Khan, he said.
7. In addition to allegations of murder and torture, there are accusations of rape against Alim. Shamsul Huq, an elected village council chairman, said that Alim always justified acts of murder, rape etc., by Pakistani troops and Razakars. According to Huq, Alim used to say that "troops do these sort of things at war time. This is not a fault. We have to accept it in the interest of the country".
8. Shamsul Alam, an associate professor at Joypurhat College, said that Alim and his cohorts once paraded 26 captured freedom fighters around the town on trucks before the prisoners were put to death. Before killing them, Alim put the prisoners on display in the play ground of Joypurhat College, where he told the students, "You can all understand the fate of these prisoners. They are all going to die. If you students join the Mukti Bahini (freedom fighters), then your fate will be the same".
9. ldris Ali, another resident of Joypurhat, said he entered his home-town on December 5 along with other freedom fighters. They captured the "Peace Committee" headquarters the same day, and discovered various documents, including lists of intellectuals earmarked for elimination. Among the documents was minutes of a meeting held on Dec 4 and presided over by Abbas Ali Khan. The minutes bore Alim's signature. There were many other eyewitness reports by local inhabitants of the killings, torture and repression carried out in the area by Alim.
Abdul Kader Mollah
Abdul Kader Molla was known as a "butcher" to the Bengalis in Mirpur area (outskirts of Dhaka city) during 1971. Mirpur at the time was mainly populated by Behari (non Bengali) Muslim migrants from India, who were among the most ardent supporters of the Pakistani occupation of Bangladesh.
One of the largest mass graves of people butchered by Pakistani troops and their allies was discovered in the Shialbari area of Mirpur after independence. According to the locals of Mirpur area Molla was instrumental to the the killing of thousands of Bengalis in Shialbari and Rupnagar areas of Mirpur during the war. Many of them confirmed that Molla began his killing spree even before the army had began its operation.
On March 6, a public meeting was arranged in front of the gate of Ceramic Industry at Section 6 in Mirpur, to press for demands of the Bengali people. As the people raised the nationalist slogan Joy Bangla (Victory to Bengal), narrated M Shahidur Rahman who was present at the meeting, Kader Molla and his gang attacked the meeting with swords, machetes and other sharp weapons, injuring many.
According to M Firoze Ali, a resident of Block B at Section I in Mirpur, Kader Mollah was behind the killing of his brother Pallab Tuntuni, an 18-year old student. Young Tuntuni was an active supporter of the nationalist leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and that was why his name was penciled into Molla's hit list. On March 29, Molla's hit men kidnapped Tuntuni from another part of the city and took him to Mirpur. The boy was then dragged from one part of Mirpur to another, and back again, with his hands tied behind his back. At a big play ground used usually for major religious congregations, Tuntuni was tied to a tree and left for two days. Later, Molla's men returned and chopped off the boy's fingers. On April 5, a week after being kidnapped, Molla ordered his men to shoot Tuntuni dead. The boy's dead body was left dangling from the tree for another two days as a warning to others in the area, before being thrown in a mass grave with seven other bodies, Feroze Ali said.
Another eyewitness to Molla's criminal activities in 1971 was M Shahidur Rahman Chowdhury. He said that Razakarmen under the command of Kader Molla brutally murdered woman poet Meherunnessa in October at Section 6 of Mirpur. He said one Shiraj, who lived in the poet's home, lost mental balance at the sight of the murder. Shiraj still suffers from psychological disorder, Chowdhury said.
There are also allegations from the inhabitants' of Mirpur area that Molla organized local non-Bengali people of Manipur, Sheorapara, Kazipara areas of Mirpur into armed groups under his own command. With those (Behari) armed bands, Molla organized killings of thousands of Bengalis at various killing fields of Mirpur.
A S M Solaiman
A S M SOLAIMAN, son of Md. Jonab Ali, Village – Boydder Bazar, Post Office – Boidder Bazar, Thana – Soanargaon, Dist – Narayanganj. At present : 20/1, Pallabi, Thana – Pallabi, District – Dhaka. He is the president of Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Party now.
Solaiman as the minister of Malek cabinet of with the portfolio of Labour, Social welfare and Family Planning and as chief of the district coordination committee presided over a meeting with DC office, police officers and other communities on December 8, 1971. The meeting expressed firm determination to maintain law and order and took some decision.
From the very beginning of the war, Solaiman was very active. In a statement on April 8, 1971 he called upon the then armed forces for ‘bringing back normalcy in the country by fighting the anti-social and anti-state elements’. On May 7, he also called upon the members of the Peace Committee at a meeting to ‘check all common people and anti-state elements’ in a bid to catch the freedom fighters. On November 15, 1971, he told newsmen in Karachi, “Razarkers were doing praise-worthy and they should be called the national heroes.” (Genocide ’71 : An Account of the Killers and Collaborators, Edited by Dr. Ahmad Sharif, Qazi Nur-uz-Zaman, Dr. Serajul Islam Chowdhury & Shahriar Kabir, published by Muktijuddha Chetona Bikash Kendra, Dhaka, February 1987).
Inhabitants in Sonargaon brought allegation against Soliman of direct or indirect involvement in killing, looting, torching, raping and various forms of atrocities. President of Aminpur Union Awami League and an elected Union Parishad Member, Mohammad Tayebur Rahman, narrated formation of Razaker Bahini by ASM Solaiman in 11 unions of Sonargaon thana.
Tayebur informed Solaiman had appointed every chairman of the then Union Parisads as chairman of the ‘Peace Committee’. Among them (1) Raja Moulavi of Aminpur (2) Shamsul Haq Khan of Perojpur (3) Alauddin of Boiddyer Bazar (4) Gafur Sarker of Sammandi (5) Abdul Mannaf Bhuiyan of Jampur UP (6) Hossain Khan of Kanchpur (7) Bakhar Ali of Sathipur (8) Nasiruddin of Noaga (9) Abdur Rob Milkey of Barodi (10) Rafiqul Islam of Mograpara and (11) M A Jaher of Shomvupura Union Pariashad were appointed as chairmen of the Peace Committee. Soanrgaon Peace Committee chairman ASM Solaiman led them as their leader. M A Zaher was also appointed the General Secretary and Raja Moulavi as Organising Secretary of Sonargaon unit of Peace Committee (PC). Alauddin and Mohiuddin Mollah, a brother of Solaiman, acted in absence of Solaiman.
Tayebur Rahman also informed that Jamir Ali Kerani, an associate of Solaiman, handed over a Hindu girl named Bibha Rani to the Pakistani occupation forces in mid-May .The military-men released her in a critical condition after raping overnight. Bibha is now in India. Ali also led an attack on the home of one Narendra Patel in Boiddyer Bazar. Tayebur at that time risking his life reached at the scene and rescued five girl from the scene and taken to a nearby village for their safety, he said.
Tayebur said that the Soliaman-gang had attacked on a freedom fighters’ meeting on May 24 at Boiddyer Bazar. Tayebur was caught by the PC members twice and was released on request from a non-bengali postmaster at the area. The gang, he said, set on fire homes, more than hundred in Sammanadi, ten in Companiganj, five in Shatipur and the entire homes of Pirojpur village. Jamir and Allauddin executed the plan of Solaiman from women supply to torching.
Moshammat Azimon Nahar of Haria Gopindi village told the commission that her husband Siddiq Mia was killed on December 14 near Adamjee area. She alleged Soliamn’s gang and local razakars were involved in her husband’s killing. She demanded trial of her husband’s killing.
An Awami League worker, Sumon, of Hatkopa village when appeared to the commission said, the Pakistani forces attacked his home with the help of Tekka Shamsu, a trust-worthy associate of ASM Solaiman, in a bid to catch the young women of his home. He said the women saved them hiding in a nearby jute plantation.
Freedom fighter Nurul Islam of Basan Daradi village said, geographically Sonargaon was ab important area and all goods were being transported through the Sonargaon river port. At the very beginning of the war Solaiman and his associates, especially the Razaker Bahini, used to loot the goods like rice, sugar, flour, oil, fertiliser, tea etc. from various vehicles. Traders lodged a number of complaints at freedom fighter’s camp in Sammanadi village, according to Islam.
He said being informed by the Razakars, Pakistani forces unleashed attack on the training camp of the freedom fighters at that village. During the attack the Razakars on their way took away two young girls from the village. But none of the girls returned. He said many such incidents were suppressed social humiliation apprehending.
According to eyewitnesses account, Razakars set their eyes on the Hindu dominated Shahapur, Baninathpur, Joyrampur, Vattapur, Barirghubhanga, Baghmucha, Panamnagar, Boiddyer Bazar, Satbhayapara, Ramganj and Panchabati for the Hindu girls. As per the directions from Solaiman, Jamir Kerani and Shamsu led the Razakers to supply women to the Pakistani camp at Boiddyer Bazar.
Apart from this, the commission learnt that a number of incidents of firing, looting and killing took place in the area perpetrated by the Razakars led by Solaiman and his associates.
Maulana Abdus Sobhan
MOWLANA ABDUS SOBHAN, son of late Noimuddin, Pathartala, Pabna, is the member of the fundamentalist Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami’s central Shura (committee) and Member of Parliament elected from Pabna Sadar in 1991, and deputy leader of the Jamaat’s parliamentary group.
Sobhan had been serving the Jamaat-e-Islami as acting Ameer (chief) of Pabna during the liberation war and he nominated for the so-called by-election in 1971. He was the vice president of Pabna unit of Peace Committee, an organisation of Pakistani collaborators. Field level investigation revealed that Sobhan organised the Al-Badar, Razakar and formed the PC and had been involved in a number of criminal activities. As he was fluent in spoken Urdu, he easily managed to come close to the Pakistanis and become a policy maker of anti-liberation forces. He supervised almost every activities of the Razakers and Al Badars.
Sobhan was implicated in a special tribunal case for his activities against the freedom struggle and killing of the freedom fighters, innocent people and assisting in killing 3 million people, assaulting and repressing women and other heinous activities. He was asked to attend before the Sub-divisional magistrate court on February 29, 1972. But he fled to Pakistan with Gulam Azam at that time (Source : ‘Ekattorer Dalalra’ by Shafiq Ahmed and Advocate Shafiqul Islam Shibly, Patahrtala Pabna).
Like Dhaka, Pakistani forces also unleashed attack on innocent people of Pabna on the very night of March 25, 1971. But the situation in Pabna was a bit different. An aged woman told the investigation commission that the Pakistani forces caught Pabna’s eminent personalities searching their homes and brought to their camps on the night. On March 26, she said that she had been seeing an army lorry stopped on the road at Rayer Bazar area. More or less 100 people were tied with rope behind the van. They were being dragged. Their clothes have been tore, blood letting from injury marks. She witnessed Mowlana Sobhan along with three Pakistani soldiers in the van. Among the dragged people, the woman could recognised Pabna’s eminent businessmen Syed Talukder, Professor Harun of Edward College, dentist Amulendu Dakshi and Awami League Leader Advocate Aminuddin. The soldiers came down from the lorry and burnt some national flags hoisting on the building tops. The woman preferring anonymity said the soldiers killed all the people they dragged to various points within March 29. She farther said that, on 27 March she went to visit Amalendu Dakshi’s residence. Dakshi’s wife informed her, it was Maolana Sobhan who came to pick her husband.
Senior Advocate of Pabna Judge Court and former Public Prosecutor Awami League leader Golam Hasnaen said, “Sobhan took the Pakistan Army to the residence of Awami League leader Aminuddin.” Sobhan organised all the Al Badar, Razakar and Peace Committee members. Daily Ittefaq’s Pabna correspondent Anwarul Haq and Advocate Shafiqul Haq Shibly said that Sobhan inspired the Pakistan army to kill Pabna Zilla School teacher Kochimuddin. He also directed killing of freedom fighter and musician Shadhon, informed Shadhon’s mother Sufia Begum.
Retired principal Md. Abdul Ghani of Kalachand Para, Pabna, said Sobhan along with the Pakistani soldiers raided hindu-dominated Kuchiapara and Shankharipara on April 17. Eight people including Sudhir Chandra Chowdhury, Ashok Kumar Shaha, Gopal Chandra Chowdhury were killed during the operation. The army torched as many as 25 homesteads, looted valuables and assaulted the Hindu women.
He said a strong group of collaborators led by Sobhan, Ishaq, Tegar and many others killed over 1000 people and torches homes in Faridpur thana in Pabna district in the month of May. The second largest mass killing in Pabna took place in Sujanagar. It was one of the dawn of the first week of May, the Pakistanis’ killed some 400 people at Nazirganj in Satbaria, according to freedom fighter Zahirul Islam Bishu. He said his Mujib Bahini had arrested one of the gang leader Moulavi Modhu in late May and later killed him. Modhu during the interrogation admitted that before they go for attack they had a meeting ahead of the attack at Sobhan’s residence. He said before any attack the collaborators used to had meeting at Sobhan’s residence.
Maulana AKM Yousuf
MAULANA A K M YOUSUF, village-Rajoir, Thana-Saran Khola, District-Bagerhat. Presently he is the Naeb-e- Ameer of the Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh. He was one of the leading anti-liberation organizers during the 1971 war. As part of his role in the anti-liberation activities he became a member of Malek cabinet during the war. He first formed ‘Razakar Bahini’ comprising 96 members of Jamaat-e-Islami in Khulna district. He became the leader of the Jamaat well before the freedom War started. He started his anti-Bangladesh role and cooperating the Pakistani forces as soon as the war began on March 25. His responsibilities were to issue statement, organize the anti-liberation forces and lead attacks, killing, looting and arson by his groups. He also helped the members of the Pakistani forces to do the same.
His statements published in the newspapers where he opposed the liberation war and urged the collaborators to resist the pro-liberation forces. On October 10, 1971, this anti-liberation leader praised activities of the Razakars in a public rally and said, “we will have to make the people understand that the so-called Bangladesh concept is created by Indian authorities is valueless. Naxalaits, separatists and criminals are trying to create anarchy in this part of the country. They should be ousted by root.” (Genocide ’71, Muktijuddha Chetana Bikash Kendra, Dhaka, February 1987).
On October 26, at a gathering in Sylhet, he said, “a section of ignorant youths inspired by Indian propaganda has been unleashing separatist activities on our land. You spread over every nook and corner of the country to resist this movement and uproot the concept of so-called Bengali nationalism”. He warned the allied forces saying, “Had there been any war imposed on them, then heroes of Razakar and soldiers would face with all courage.” On November 12, 1971, he praised the Razakar activities while visiting Razakar camps in Shatkhira. He commented, “the Razakars have been doing their best to resist the spies and intruders of India”. He also assured the Razakars that he would provide them with government jobs.
On November 28, while he was discussing with newsmen in Karachi, Yousuf said that the Razakar have been working hand in hand with the soldiers. He demanded supply of modern arms to the hands of razakars to eliminate freedom fighters. “now the number of Razakar and Al-shams stood to some 1 lakh. Apart from them, there were Mujahid bahini also. They all are in guarding the borders along with the soldiers. The razakars have been operating successfully resulting in reduce of criminal activities”. (Ibid)
Guljan Bibi, a mother of martyr Shahid Seikh, informed that one Razakar Khalek Member asked her son to join in the Razakar Bahini during the monsoon of freedom War. As Shahid rejected his proposal, the member called him out a month after. On the same day she learnt that her son was handed to the Pakistani forces. Later she rushed to the founder of the Razakar force, Maolana A K M Yousuf and requested him to free his son. At that time Khalek Member was also with Yousuf who turned down her request. Guljan Bibi did not get her son back, later she came to learn that Pakistanis killed her son. Guljan demanded trial of her son’s killing.
Yousuf along with his associates Khalekue and Adam Ali had killed number of males and females during the war. They raped many women. These information were disclosed by the citizens of Khulna, but still after 24 years of independence they are tight lipped for the sake of their own security. One of them told the commission that Yousuf forced many people from his own area Morelganj to join in the Razakar force. He forced them to work against the liberation war. Yousuf’s headquarters was the then ‘Ghost House’ which is now being used as district Anasr camp. This camp was the prime torture centre. Apart from this they used to torture the freedom-loving people at Khulna Shipyard, Bhashani Biddalaya and many other camps. They also killed people at such places wherever they felt comfortable. They handed over the innocent Bengalis to Pakistani Army stationed at the prime camp Circuit House, and other makeshift camps at Helipad, Naval base, hotel Shahin, Asiana Hotel etc. The Razakar and other fundamentalist forces maintained regular connection with the camps. They used to kill the people at Gallamari, forest Ghat, Station road and some other places.
Mohammad Ayen ud Din
ADVOCATE MOHAMMAD AYEN UD DIN, son of Late Md. Moinuddin, Village and Post Office : Shaympur, thana : Motihar, District : Rajshahi. He serves the Muslim League as Secretary General and work as an advocate in the Dhaka High Court. The Muslim League leader resorted to do whatever needed to oppose the creation of Bangladesh. He was the chairman of the then Peace Committee (PC) Rajshahi region and he contested by-election to the then provincial assembly from Rajshahi-13 constituency. Under his direct supervision the Peace Committee, Razakar Force and Al Badar Force were constituted in Rajshahi at that time. He and his associates led all the killings outside the battlefields in the northern Rajshahi area.
“They have been able to face the enemy with unlimited tolerance. Normalcy restored all over Rajshahi. Peace Committee was formed at every sub-division, thana and union levels,” he told the Daily Azad in an interview on May 31, 1971, after the formation of the PC. On August 4, 71 the Daily Sangram reported – “The closing session of the first batch training of Razakar Bahini held at Jinnah Islamic Institution. The trainees took oath on the Koran. In his speech, Ayenuddin advised the Razakar Bahini to do their duties sincerely for an integrated Pakistan. Local personalities and military officers attended the function.”
His kin and kith and locals alleged that Ayenuddin indulged him in killing, torching, looting, repressing the women, forced joining to the Razakar forces and appointing of some persons against their willingness for bridge vigilance. He was also charged with looting assets and property of innocent people who were handed over to Pakistani military by him.
Freedom fighter Advocate Abdullah-hil-Baki and Professor Zinnatunnesa told the Inquiry commission that Ayenuddin started announcing by microphone in the city that if anyone catches Baki, live or dead then he will be awarded Taka 10,000. Ayenuddin, in a letter (D-44 CPC Date 13-09-71) to the then army captain, Mohammad Ilius Khan provided a list of 10 people from the city with a request for immediate arrest. Baki was one among the ten.
Baki said one Abdur Rahman (son of Solaiman, village- Ramchandarpur, thana-Paba), listed in the letter, was arrested from Parila village in September. During a army raid in that area Pakistani forces killed some 30 people at the village and torched some 150 homesteads.
Zinnatunnesa said Ayenuddin killed one Harunur Rashid of Chandua village in Tanore thana because of rivalry over property in April. Then he took away Harun’s nine-year old girl and 13-year old daughter-in-law and then handed over to the Pakistani soldiers, according to an eyewitness of Harun killing.
Awami League district unit vice president and central member of Bangladesh Krishak League Abdus Sobhan told the investigation team that Ayenuddin helped arrest of nine people, including Rahimuddin Sarker, his son Pintu. These nine was later killed at a killing field behind the Joha hall of Rajshahi University.
In late November, he said, Ayenuddin in association with the army picked up Aminul Haq Chowdhury, a hotel owner, Mokbul Chowdhury, Advocate Taslim Uddin, Contractor Altaf Hossain, Nowrozuddula Khan, Advocate Abul Hossain and many others. On December 18, after two day of the victory, the bodies of most of them were recovered from a sandy shoal in the Padma. There were no injury mark on the bodies and it was assumed that all of them were buried alive in the sand.
Sobhan said that Ayenuddin had grown up at their home and studied from there. “But he killed my father in 1955 when he was hardly a student of intermediate. He was implicated in the murder case, but he was spared because two of the juries, from the then Muslim League, helped him to escape.
Preferring anonymity, one local said that the Pakistan army raided a village and arrested several hundred people from there. Ayenuddin came to the scene and separated five of them and asked the army personnel to kill them. Two of them were killed in the hand of Pakistanis, the rest three were released. These five had been campaigning against him during the provincial election held under Pakistani army junta
ABM Khalek Majumder
ABM KHALEK MAJUMDER, son of Abdul Majid Majumder, Village: Dohatta, thana : Haziganj, District: Comilla. He was office secretary of the Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh, Dhaka city unit, during the 1971 liberation war. Now he is not so active in politics. He helped the Pakistani forces as per his party belief during the war and he also killed many a people by his own hands. He had served as a commander of the Al Badar Bahini of the Jamaat during the war. He is charged with the intellectuals’ murders.
On December 14 evening, he along with his associates forcibly picked up the then joint-editor of daily ‘Sangbad’ and noted litterateur Shahidullah Kaiser from 29 Kayet Tuli. Kaiser did not returned, even his body was yet to be recovered. Shahidullah’s wife Saifunnahar alias Panna Kaiser, Nasir Ahmed, husband of Shahidullah’s youngest sister, younger brother Zakaria Habib and his wife Neela Jakaria witnessed the incident.
According to their witnesses account, due to the war a number of Kaiser’s relatives took shelter at his home. On the December 14 evening, Zakaria along with some others had been trying to listen to the ‘Sawdhin Bangla Betar Kendro’ (A radio station operated by the freedom fighters) programme. The entire area darkened due to blackout. At that time someone knocked loudly the outside door. Zakaria rushed to first floor. Shahidullah Kaiser was taking tea at the drawing room at that time, Neela was accompanying him. Informing that someone came at the door, Zakaria came down. Gripped by fear, Kaiser’s sisters and other switched on all the lights on the ground and first floor. Kaiser was trying to make a phone call, but the intruders entered breaking the door inside. They first knocked Obaidullah (younger brother of Shahidullah) down by the rifle butt. The masked-men went up to Shahidullah’s bedroom. Identifying himself, Shahidullah wanted to know the reason for their coming.
Getting Shahidullah’s identity, one of the masked-men exclaimed saying “Mil gaya” (we got him) in Urdu and hold him by his hair. The others caught him by shirt, by hand and dragged him out. At that time wife Panna Kaiser, sister Shahana Begum and brother-in-law Nasir tried to rescue him from the cluster of the abductors. At one stage, Shahana tore one of the mask-men and everybody known him. Later, during identification of Khalek Majumder in the court they said this man had gone to abduct Shahidullah Kaiser on the evening of December 14.
As the abductor was identified on the spot, he kicked Shahana and forcibly dragged out Shahidullah and Jakaria Habib. Shahidullah tried his best to resist the abductors, but failed. Finally, the abductors released Zakaria on the road but took away Sahaidullah by a waiting jeep. Khalek Majumder was also the inhabitant of the area. He used to live at 47, Agamosi Lane.
Imam of the Kaet Tuli Mosque Ashrafullah who now works for the Banani graveyard said, on December 14, 1971 afternoon Khalek Majumder wanted to know when Shahidullah Kaiser was available at his home. In response, Ashrafullah told him that he did not know. He even did not know that Majumder was looking for Kaiser to kill him. On that night, the Imam had been watching that Kaiser was trying hard to resist the abductors and was screaming ‘help, save me’. And a number of people were picking up in a jeep. On December 17, Ashrafullah informed it to Nasir Ahmed and Zakaria Habib.
On December 14 night, Nasir Ahmed informed about the abduction to Kotowali police station, but no service could be provided due to a lack of police administration at that time. After the country was freed from the occupation forces on December 16, Nasir Ahmed was looking for Khalek Majumder and filed a case with Kotowali thana.
Khalek Majumder fled from his home fearing reprisal for his activities. Nasir Ahmed, Zakaria Habib and others went to his home. But he was not there. They found a revolver loaded with bullets, plenty of important documents with names of military officers and members of the Al Badar forces. These evidences were handed to the investigation commission formed to find out the culprits of intellectuals’ killing. In fact: Nasir Ahmed along with a number of freedom fighters from Sector-2 had been looking for Khalek Majumder to get Shahidullah Kaiser back. Finally, Majumder was arrested from one of his relative’s home in Malibagh. The case proved that he abducted Shahidullah Kaiser to kill him and the court in its verdict on July 17 (1972) awarded Khalek Majumder seven years of rigorous imprisonment and a fine of taka 10,000. As Khalek was convicted based on specific charges, he was out of the purview of the general amnesty announced by the then Prime Minister Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.
But with the changed political scenario, Khalek Majumder got acquitted from the case on appeal to the High Court on April 29, 1976 during the Ziaur Rahman’s regime.
In his book “shikol Pora Dingulo’ Khalek himself admitted that he was the secretary of Jamaat office of Siddique Bazar. His party was against the independent war in 1971. They had been assisting the Pakistani forces by mobilising Razakar and Albadar forces and directly involved themselves in genocide, rape, arson, torching etc. He admitted that due to his loyalty to the party he had to implement those things. He also admitted that he was well know with the other war criminal Matiur Rahman Nizami and operation in charge of intellectuals’ killing Chowdhury Moinuddin. It was also learnt from his book that he maintained very good relations with the Pakistan army. In his book that came out 14 years after the independence, he expressed his hatred to the Bangladesh’s freedom. When seventy million people were expressing their joys with the victory on December 16, 1971, the writer of the book was feeling frustrated saying “Alas! Everybody was surprised ….on that very morning one Jamaat leader sent me to the Jamaat office in a hurry… my mind was disappeared with disappointment listening to the news. …” (Shikol Pora Dinguli, page 10). He continued writing “I was not certain about my future. But I did not feel well. The day was ended with a long breath of frustration. The night fell down with all its darkness. The fortunate star bade good-bye from our sky etc.”
Charmonai Piir (Divine): Maulana SM Fazlul Karim
robber Maulana Fazlul Karim runs a residential madrasa (A Jesuite style institute) in Charmonai, southern part of Bangladesh. During the war hundreds of Bengali women went for shelter to his madrasa to escape the mass rape and murder by the Pakistani troops. They thought as a holy man the maulana would save them from the bestiality unleashed by the occupation forces.
But the so-called maulana and his colleagues declared those hapless girls as commodities of war (and hence as per Islamic law consumable by the Muslim soldiers) and as such supplied them to the Pakistani soldiers. The dead bodies of those raped girls were flung into the nearby river or buried in the mass grave behind the madrasa. The maulana is also alleged to have slain many Hindus and freedom fighters in his own hand (like the head Imam of Mymensingh did as described by Taslima Nasrin in Nirbachita Columns) and threw the dead bodies to the river after slitting their bellies so that they don't float.
They all are son of Yahiya Khan so hung up them, through the shows & stones to their faces if you meet anywhere.
Moinuddin Chowdhury
The chief executioner of the Al-Badr and Al-Sams forces. The key person behind the brutal murder of hundreds of progressive Bengali intellectuals in 1971. Moinuddin and his cohorts picked the enlisted intellectuals from their residences between 12-14 December,1971 and killed them at Rayer bazaar and Mirpur. It is said that those who were still alive after being shot by Moinuddin's henchmen, Moinuddin himself used to slit their throats in his own hand like slaughtering bulls for Korbani.
Moinuddin was the mastermind among his criminal peers as nothing much has been found against him. One of his razakar mate said he saw Moinuddin taking away all the money and important documents from the Al-Badr head office in Dhaka after the victory of Bangladesh. Presently Moinuddin is a British citizen and the special editor of the Jamat publication- the weekly Dawat. He is expatriate Bangladeshi elite and travels to Bangladesh frequently.
Ashrafuzzaman Khan
One of the chief al-Badr (Jamai Death squad in 1971) executioners. It has been clearly proved that he himself shot to death 7 teachers of Dhaka university in the killing zones at Mirpur. A certain Mofizzuddin, who drove the vehicle that carried those hapless victims to Mirpur, has clearly identified Ashrafuzzaman as the "chief killer" of the intellectuals.
After Liberation, Ashrafuzzaman's personal diary was recovered from his residence, 350 Nakhal Para. Two pages of his diary registered names and residential addresses of 19 teachers as well as the name of the medical officer of Dhaka University. Of those 20 persons, 8 were missing on December 14: Munier Chowdhury (Bengali), Dr. Abul Khair (History), Ghiasuddin Ahmed (History), Rashidul Hasan (English), Dr. Faizul Mohi (IE R) and Dr. Murtaza (Medical Officer).
Mofizuddin confessed that Ashrafuzzaman himself shot all of them. As per Mofizuddin's description, the decomposed bodies of those unfortunate teachers were recovered from the swamps of Rayer Bazar and the mass grave at Shiyal Bari at Mirpur. There were also other names in the diary including Dr. Wakil Ahmed (Bengali), Dr. Nilima Ibrahim (Bengali), Dr. Latif (IE R), Dr. Maniruzzaman (Geography), K M Saaduddin (Sociology), AMM Shahidullah (Math), Dr. Sirajul Islam (Islamic History), Dr. Akhtar Ahmed (Education), Zahirul Huq (Psychology), Ahsanul Huq (English), Serajul Islam Chowdbury (English), and Kabir Chowdhury (English).
Another page of his diary recorded the names of 16 collaborating teachers of Dhaka university. Apart from that there were also names of Chowdbury Moinuddin, the chief of operation for elimination of the intelligentsia, and Shawkat Imran, a member of the central Al-Badr command, and the head of Dhaka Al-Badr forces.
The diary also contained names and addresses of several other prominent Bengalis. All of them lost their lives at the hands of Al-Badr forces. On a small piece of paper the name of the member finance of the Pakistan Jute Board, Abdul Khalek, was written down. On December 9, 1971, the Al-Badr forces kidnapped Mr. Khalek from his office. They demanded Taka 10,000 as ransom. They saw Mrs. Khalek for ransom money. But at that time she was unable to pay the kidnappers more than 450 taka. She promised that she would give them the rest of the money later, and begged them her husband's life. But Mr. Khalek never came back.
Ashrafuzzaman has also been implicated in the murder of some journalists. It was Ashrafuzzaman who kidnapped the shift-in- charge of the Purbadesh, and the literary editor, Mr. Golam Mustafa.
Ashrafuzzaman Khan, was a member of the Central Committee of the Islami Chhatra Sangha. After liberation he went to Pakistan and worked for Radio Pakistan. Recently Ashrafuzzaman has moved to New York and presently heads the Queens branch of Islamic Circle of North America (ICNA)
Dr Syed Sazzad Hossain
Prof Syed Sazzad Hossain was the vice chancellor (VC) of Rajshahi University earlier in 1971 and was appointed the VC of Dhaka University in May 1971. His role during the war was to hail the Pak occupation army for the great job they were doing for the country such as cleansing the country of the infidel (Hindus). His other role was to inform the army intelligence about the whereabouts of his secular minded colleagues. Dr Sazzad was such a smug that he, as the chairman, forced the students of English dept of Dhaka university to wear formal dress (full sleeves shirts and jackets in hot summer days) and promoted bureaucratic attitude in the name of scholarship which was in reality nothing but an intellectual pretension based on mimicked linguistic difference.
The Dainik Bangla reported on 10 January 1972: Dr Sazzad made a trip to overseas to propagate against the indepence of Bangladesh within a few days following Yahya’s attack on the people of Bangladesh. One of his letters hailing the Pak army act ivies in Bangladesh was published in London times. The letter goes like this: It was not right what is being told to have happened in Bangladesh. Sazzad took the side of the Pakis by saying that Paki troops were not responsible for the massacre in the Dhaka university campus on 25 March 1971. Sazzad said the students and teachers were killed because they were fighting with each other. Sazzad was such a son of a bitch that he did not mind licking the damn asses of the Pakis while his colleagues and even classmates were killed in the massacre.
A letter with his signature published in the Dainik Bangla on 10 January 1972 is still being considered as one of the evidences of Sazzad’s collaboration with the Pakis. Sazzad wrote: according to the office order of the Pakistani embassy in London, I should be paid at the following rate: a. 50% DA from June 24 to July 1 £25.25 per day b. £150 cash. My hotel fare should be paid latter.
Dr Sazzad was the leading signatory of a statement by 55 academics, writers and journalists denouncing the liberation war. The joint statement was published on 17 May 1971 and it condemned the liberation war which they argued is an Indian mission to break up the Muslim state, Pakistan. Sazzad also criticized the activists of Swami league branding them “extremists” who have turned the movement for autonomy into a war of independence: we are frustrated with the demand…….we had been expressing our grievances within the one state structure…….we never wanted such happening, as a result we become very sorry and frustrated with the developments.
Ironic, but true, Dr Sazzad was the chair of the PEN (Poets, Essayists and Novelists) chapter in Bangladesh.
The list of top collaborators of 1971 and their present whereabouts
A. Members of the Central Peace Committee
1. Khwaja Khairuddin, Leader of the Pakistan Muslim League.
2. AGM Shafiqul Islam Advocate, Lahore High Court. Runs business in Bangladesh.
3. Golam Azam Former Ameer of Jamaat-e-Islami. Retired last year conferring party leadership to his worthy associate Nizami, head of death squad in 1971.
4. Moulana Syed Mohammad Leading member of the central Majlis of the Bangladesh Ittehadul Ummah.
5. Mahmud Ali state minister for social welfare, government of Pakistan.
6. MAK Rafiqul Islam No information.
7. Abdul Jabbar Khaddar Deceased.
8. Yusuf Ali Chowdhury (Mohan Miah) Had a natural death during the liberation war.
9. Abul Kashem Had a natural death after liberation.
10. Gulam Sarwar: Leader of the Jamaati organization in London, the Dawatul Islam; Director of the London based Islamic institute.
11. Syed Azizul Huq:(Nanna Miah)Leader of the Jatiyo Party, and member of Parliament.
12. ASM Solaiman: Chairman, Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Party.
13. Peer Mohsenuddin:(Dudu Miah)Vice Chairman, Bangladesh Democratic League
14. Sharq Rahman: Chairman, Islamic Democratic League
15. Major (Rtd) Afsaruddin:Convener, Bangladesh Ganatantra
Bastabayan Parishad; Chairman, National Democratic Party; former presidential candidate.
16. Syed Mohsin Ali:Industrialist; former Chairman Stock
Exchange; former Director, IFIC bank.
17. Fazlul Huq Chowdhury: Had a natural death after liberation
18. Mohd. Sirajuddin: Industrialist; Chairman of the Dhaka City
Muslim League.
19. AT Sadi: Retired advocate of Bangladesh Supreme Court
20. Ataul Huq Khan: Vice Chairman, Bangladesh Muslim
League.
21. Maqbulur Rahman: Businessman.
22. Mohammad Aqil: Acting Chairman, Bangladesh Nezam e Islam.
23. Principal Ruhul Quddus: Member of the central working
committee, Jamaat e Islam.
24. Nuruzzaman: Industrialist; Director Islamic Development
bank.
25. Moulana Miah Mafizul Huq: Member, central Majlis, Bangladesh Ittehadul Ummah.
26. Abu Salek: Senior Advocate, Bangladesh Supreme
Court.
27. Abdun Naim Had a natural death after liberation
28. Moulana Siddique Ahmed:Member, central Majlis, Bangladesh Ittehadul Ummah.
29. Abdul Matin:Secretary general, Bangladesh Muslim League.
30. Barrister Akhtaruddin Ahmed Resident in Saudi Arabia
Adviser Saudi International Law
31. Toaha Bin Habib Industrialist; member, Central Majlis e Shura, Bangladesh Khelafat Andolan.
32. Irtezaur Rahman Akhunzada: Deceased
33. Raja Tridev Roy A Pakistani citizen. Runs business at Karachi.
34. Faiz Bakhsh Chairman, Bangladesh Muslim League
B. Leaders of the Central Peace and Welfare Council
1. Moulana Farid Ahmed Disappeared immediately after liberation.
2. Nuruzzaman Former director Imam Training Course, Islamic
Foundation.
3. Moulana Abdul Mahnan Former Minister for Religious Affairs.
4. Julmat Ali Khan Vice Chairman, BNP
5. AKM Mujibul Huq Industrialist.
6. Firoz Ahmed No information.
C. Members of the Malek Cabinet
1. Abul Kashem Deceased
2. Nawazish Ahmed Chairman, Bangladesh Muslim League.
D. The Central Committee of the Islami Chhatra Sangha (The Al-Badr High Command)
1. Matiur Rahman Nizami, (All-Pakistan Chief)
Assistant General Secretary, Jamaat-e-Islami.
2. Ali Ahsan Mohd Mujahid(East Pakistan Chief); Ameer of Dhaka City, Jamat-e-Islami; Manager of the Weekly Sonar Bangla.
3. Mir Kasem Ali: (He was at first head of the Chittagong district, then was ranked third in the line of command of Al-Badr); Deputy Amecr of Dhaka City Jamaat-e-Islami; Manager, Rabet-e-Alam (Bangladesh); Member (Administration) Ibn-e-Sina Trust.
4. Mohd Yunus: Member of the Central Jamaat-e-Islami;
Director-General, Majlis-e-Shura, Bangladesh Islami Bank; Director, Islami Social Welfare Association; Chairman, Muslim Business Society.
5. Mohd Kamruzzaman: Chief organizer of AI-Badr; Press Secretary, Jamaat-elslami; Editor,Sonar Bangla.
6. Ashraf Hussain: (Founder of the AI-Badr and head of the Mymensingh District Al-Badr, runs business in Dhaka.
7. Mohd Shamsul Huq, Member of the Central Majlis-e-Shura, (head of the Dhaka City AI-Badr), Jamaat-e-Islami.
8. Mustafa Showkat Imran, Disappeared immediately after liberation. One of the leaders of Dhaka City AI-Badr
9. Ashrafuzzaman Khan: Member of the Dhaka City AI-Badr High Command, and "Chief Executor" of the intellectuals; serving in Saudi Arabia.
10. A. S. M. Ruhul Quddus: One of the leaders of the Dhaka City AI-Badr; Member of the Majlis-e-Shura, Jamaat-e-Islami
11. Sardar Abdus Salam: Head of the Dhaka District AI-Badr;
Secretary, Training, Jamaat-e-Islami.
12. Khurram Jha Murad: Resident in London; Jamaat leader; active in organizing Jamaatis internationally.
13. Abdul Bari: Chief of the Jamalpur AI-Badr; Serving in Dhaka.
14. Abdul Hye Farooki: Chief of the Rajshahi District AI-Badr; runs business in Dubai.
15. Abdul Zahir Mohd Abu Neser: Chief of the Chittagong District AI-Badr; Personal Assistant at the Saudi Embassy in Dhaka and Librarian.
16. Matiur Rahman Khan: Chief of the Khulna District AI-Badr;
Serving in Jeddah.
17. Chowdhury Moinuddin: Operation in-charge in killing of the intellectuals; Special Editor of the London based weekly, Dawat; leader of the London-based Jamaat organisation, Dawatul Islam.
18. Nur Mohd Malik: One of the leaders of the Dhaka City AI-Badr; whereabouts unknown.
19. A. K. Mohd Ali: One of the leaders of the Dhaka City AI-Badr;
whereabouts unknown.
20. Mazharul Islam; Head of the Rajshahi District Al-Badr; Whereabouts unknown.
E. Collaborating Academics:
a. The Education Reform Committee Formed by Tikka Khan
1. Dr. Syed Sajjad Hussain (Vice-Chancellor Rajshahi University)
Former Professor, King Abdul Aziz University, Saudi Arabia; At present residing in Bangladesh.
2. Dr. Hasan Zaman, Dept of Political Science, DU
Died in Saudi Arabia.
3. Dr. Mohar Ali, Dept of History, DU, Serving in Saudi Arabia.
4. A. K. M. Abdur Rahman, Professor, Dept of Mathematics, DU.
5. Abdul Bari, Vice-Chancellor, RU; Chairman, University Grants Commission; Member, Governing Body of the Islamic Foundation.
6. Dr. Safiuddin Joardar: Deceased.
7. Dr. Makbul Hussain: Living a retired life.
b. Other Teachers of Dhaka University who were given compulsory leave after being charged with collaboration.
1. Begum Akhtar Imam, Provost, Rokeya Hall. Bengali Dept. Living a retired life in Dhaka.
2. Dr. Qazi Din Mohd: Dept of Arabic
1. Dr. Mohammad Mustafizur Rahman: Serving at Dhaka University.
2. Dr. Fatima Sadeque, Dept of Political Science
1. Dr. Golam Wahid Chowdhury: Owns a Garment Industry in Dhaka.
2. Dr. Rashiduzzaman: Employed in the U. S. A. (**)
3. Dr. AKM Shahidullah, Serving at Dhaka University.
4. AKM Jamaluddin Mustafa. Dept of Sociology, runs business in Dhaka.
5. Md. Afsaruddin, Dept of Psychology (DU)
6. Dr. Mir Fakhruzzaman, Dept of Physics Deceased.
7. Dr. Md. Shamsul Islam, Dept of Pharmacy (DU)
8. Dr. Abdul Jabbar, Dept of Statistics (DU)
9. Dr. Mahbubuddin Ahmed, doing business in London
2. Md. Obaidullah, Playwright; writes for Bangladesh Radio TV.
c Institute of Educational Research
1. Md. Habibullah, resident in Pakistan.
2. Abdul Kadir Miah, Employed at Dhaka University.
3. Dr. Shafia Khatun: Former minister and member Public service commission; employed at Dhaka University
d. Physical Education Center
1. Lt Col (Retd) Matiur Rahman, Dept of Journalism
2. Atiquzzaman Khan, Dept of Urdu and Persian, deceased.
3. Dr. Aftab Ahmed Siddqui, resident in Pakistan.
4. Dr. Fazlul Kader, Dept of Law, no information.
5. Nurul Momen, Dept of Islamic History, living in Dhaka.
6. Dr. SM Imamuddin, Dhaka University Caretaker, resident in Pakistan
7. SD Daliluddin, Dept of Botany (DU), deceased.
8. Mohd Mahbubul Alam Jalaluddin, Serving in Pakistan.
Several of those collaborating teachers were involved in the killing of the intellectuals. Many of their names were found in the diary of Ashrafuzzaman Khan, the Chief Executioner of the Al-Badr forces.
e. Institute of Educational Research
1.Nasir Ahmed, Upper Division Assistant, Chief Engineer Office
2.Painter Zahir Khan, Engineering Office
3.Peon Shahjahan, Salimullah Hall
4.Peon Mohammad Mustafa.
f. Teachers of Rajshahi University who were given compulsory leave after being charged with collaboration.
1. Dr. Abdul Bari, Vice-Chancellor, Chairman, University Grants Commission.
2. Dr. Golam Saqlain, Reader Professor, Dept of Bengali, Rajshahi University.
3. Azizul Huq, Associate Professor, Dept of Bengali, Rajshahi University.
4. Shaikh Ataur Rahman, Associate Professor, Dept of Bengali, Rajshahi University.
5. Abdur Rahim Joardar, University Registrar, retired
g. Teachers of Rajshahi University who were arrested on charges of collaboration.
1. Mukbul Hussain, Professor, Dept of Commerce (RU)
2. Ahmed Muhammad Patel, Chairman, Dept of Geography. Resident in Pakistan.
3. Solaiman Mondol, Chairman & Professor, Dept of Economics (RU).
4. Unman Bari Baghi, Associate Professor, Dept of Psychology.
Resident in Pakistan
5. Zillur Rahman, Reader, Dept of Law, Law Faculty, RU.
6. Kalim A Sasrami, Associate Professor, Dept of Languages.
(RU).
h. Those who were charged with collaboration and fled away after independence.
1. Ahmed Ullah Khan, Associate, Professor English Dept (RU).
2. Ebne Ahmed One of the deputy registrars, former registrar, Islami University, Kushtia.
(Dainik Bangla, October 3, 1973).
Maulana Dawood
"....Also intact: the alliance between Raza and Maulana Dawood, who had accompanied the Hyders to Karachi and who, once he was installed in the official residence of the new minister, at once distinguished himself by launching a vociferous public campaign against the consumption of prawns and blue-bellied crabs, which being scavengers, were as unclean as any pig, and which, although understandably unavailable in far-off Q., were both plentiful and popular in the capital by the sea. The Maulana was deeply affronted to find these armored monsters of the deep freely available in the fish markets, and succeeded in enlisting the support of urban divines who did not know how to object. The city's fishermen found that the sales of shellfish began to drop alarmingly, and were therefore obliged to rely more than ever on the income they gained from the smuggling of contraband goods. Illicit booze and cigarettes replaced blue crabs in the holds of many dhows. No booze or cigarettes found their into the Hyder residence, however. Dawood made unheralded raids on the servant's quarters to check that God was in charge.
Genocide Bangalee Collaborators and War Criminals:Razakars
Central Shanti Committee
Name Where Now
Khaza Khayer Uddin Pakistan Muslim League leader
A.Q.M. Shafiqul Islam Advocate, Lahore Highr Court, has business in Bangladesh
Gulam Azam Amir, Jamat-i-Islami, Bangladesh
Mewlana Syed Muhammed Masum Central Majlish-i-Surah member, Ittehadul Ummah
Abdul Jabbar Kaddar Natural death after liberation
Mahmud Ali Minister, Pakistan Gov't
M.A.K. Rafiqul Islam unknown
Yusuf Ali Chowdhury(Mohon Miah) Natural death during liberation war
Abul Kashem Natural death after liberation
Gulam Sarwar Jamat's croney, Dawat-ul-Islam leader in London
Syed Azizul Haque(Nanna Miah) Center Leader, Ershad's Jatiya Party
A.S.M. Sulayman President, Bangladesh Krishak Sromik Party
Pir Muhsen Uddin(Dudu Miah) Vice-President, Bangladesh Democratic League
Shafiqur Rahman Chairman, Democratic Islamic League
Major(ret.) Afsar Uddin Ex President candidate, President: Democratic Party
Syed Muhsen Ali Industrialist, ex president of Dhaka Stock Exchange, ex director: IFIC Bank
Fazlul Kader Chowdhury Natural death after liberation
Muhammed Siraj Uddin Industrailist, Dhaka City Muslim League president
Advocate A.T. Saadi Retired advocate, Bangladesh Supreme Court
Advocate Ataul haque Khan Vice President, Bangladesh Muslim League
Makbulur Rahman Industrialist
Alhaj Muhammed Akil President, Bangladesh Nejame Islami Party
Principal Ruhul Kuddus Central Member, Bangladesh Jamat-i-Islami
Nurujjaman Industrialist, Director: Islamic Development Bank
Mewlana Miah Fazlul Haque Central Surah Member, Bangladesh Ittehadul Ummah
Advocate Abu Sakek Senior Advocate, Bangladesh Supreme Court
Advocate Abdun Naeem Natural death after liberation
Mewlana Siddik Ahmed Central Surah Member, Bangladesh Ittehadul Ummah
Abdul Matin Secretary General, Bangladesh Muslim League
Baristar Akhtar Uddin Lives in Saudi Arabia, Legal consultant: Saudia International
Tuaha Bin Habib Industrialist, Member: Central Majlish of Bangladesh Khelafat Andalon
Hakim Irtizaur Rahman Natural death after liberation
Raja Tridib Ray Living in Karachi, Pakistan
Fayez Bax President: Nikil Bangladesh Muslim League
P.S. 104 members of the Central Shanti Committee could not be found. All of the name above has been per published documents.
East Pakistan Shanti Committee
Name Where Now
Mewlana Farid Uddin, President Whereabouts unkonwn after liberation
Nurujjaman, General Secretary Ex director: Bangladesh Islamic Foundation Imam Prashikkan Course
Mewlana Abdul Mannan Ex Minister: Religious Affairs
Julmat Ali Khan Ex Vice President: BNP
A.K.M. Mujibul Haque Industrialist
Firoz Ahmed No info available
Cabinet of Malek
Name Where Now
Abul Kashem Natural death after liberation
Nawajesh Ahmed Vice-President: Bangladesh Muslim League
A.S.M. Sulayman President, Bangladesh Krishak Sromik Party
Obayed Ullah Majumdar Central Sura Member: Bangladesh Khelafat Andolan
Abbas Ali Khan Ex Amir: Bangladesh Jamat-i-Islami
Mewlana A.K.M. Yusuf Ex Secretary: Bangladesh Jamat-i-Islami
Mewlana Ishhak Central Sura Member: Bangladesh Khelafat Andolan
Shamsul Haque No info available
Jasim Uddin Ahmed Natural death after liberation
Angshu Pro Chowdhury Ex minister
A.K. Musarraf Hussain Secretary General: Islamic Democratic League
Mujibur Rahman Head of Bangladesh-Saudi Friendship Committee
East Pakistan delegates who met Yahiya
Name Where Now
Hamidul Haque Chowdhury Owner, Observer Group of Publications
Mahmud Ali Minister, Pakistan Gov't
Dr. Sajjad Hussain Professor: King Abdul Aziz University, Saudi Arabia; now living in Bangladesh
Justice Nurul Islam Ershad Govt's Vice President
Kazi Din Muhammed Professor: Bangla Dept, Dhaka University
Bangalee Members of Pakistani delegates in UN
Name Where Now
Shah Azizur Rahman Gen Zia's ex-Vice President, deceased in 1988
Julmat Ali Khan Ex Vice President: BNP
Razia Fayez Ex Vice President: Bangladesh Muslim League
Dr. Fatima Sadik Retired
Advocate A.T. Saadi Retired advocate, Bangladesh Supreme Court
Central Shanti Committee Liason Office and Officers
Name Office
1. A.I. Ahmed Sher, lives in Ahsan Manjil
2. Saki Sultan, lives in Kosaitola Kutowali Thana
1. Alhaj Nizir Hussain, lives in Jagganath Saha Road
2. S.M. Habibul Haque, lives in Dhanmodhi
3. Nuab Ali Advocate, lives in Central Road Lalbagh Thana
1. Alhaj Siraj Uddin, ex-M.P., lives in Rishikesh Dash Lane
2. Mahtab Uddin Khan, lives in R.K. Mission Road
3. Fayzul Haque, lives in Forash Gonj
4. Tomiz Uddin, lives in Jariatoli Lane
5. Abdur Rashid, lives in Rothkhola Road Sutrapur Thana
1. Iqbal Idris, lives in Indiara Road
2. Mahbubur Rahman Gurha, ex-Tejgaoan Ward Commissioner
3. M.S.M. Habibul Haque, lives in Dhanmondhi
4. Muhammed Nuab Ali, Headmaster: IPH School, Mohakhali Tejgaon Thana
1. Layek Ahmed Siddiki, lives in Mirpur Colorni 1 Mirpur Thana
1. M.A. Baaker, Chairman: Badshah Faisal Istitute, lives in Muhammodpur colony
2. Dr. Oshman, lives in Muhammedpur: A Block
3. Syed Muhammed Farook, lives in Kayde Azam Road, Muhammedpur
4. Shafikur Rahman, Advocate , lives in Jhigatola
5. Abdur Rahim Chowdhury, lives in Dhanmondhi Muhammedpur Thana
1. Ataul Haque Khan, Advocate, Vice President, Bangladesh Muslim League, lives in Mogbazar
2. G.A. Khan, Advocate, Vice-President: Bangladesh Muslim League
3. Professor A. Hashem
4. Julmat Ali Khan, Ex Vice President: BNP, Lives in Purana Paltan
5. Doctor Muhammed Aiyub Ali, lives in Khilgaon Chowdhury Para
6. Advocate A. Wadud Miah, lives in Shantinagar Ramna Thana
Shanti and Kollayan Council Information Office and Officers
Name Office
Muhammed Ali Sarkar, Ret. Engineer Rampura
Mawlovi Idris Ahmed Malibagh, Dhaka2
Muhammed Ali Sarkar Stadium Dhaka
12 Dhanmohdi, Road 5
Mewlana Shah Ismail Ullah Chishti 12, Govinda Dash Road
Mowlovi Tashwar Hussain Khan 2 Bashabari Lane
Mewlana Abdul Majid 66 Patla Khan Lane
12 Nabadhip Boshak Lane
Haji Muhammed Ishak Urdu Road
Rajakar High Command
Name Where Now
A.S.M. Johurul Haque : Director, Rajakhars Businessman in Dhaka
Mofiz Uddin Bhuiyan : Assistant Director, West Range Businessman in Khulna
M.I. Mridha, Tagmaye Khidmat : Assistant Director, Rajakhars Headquarters No info available
M.A. Hasnat : Assistant Director, Central Range No info available
Forid Uddin : Dhaka Town Adjutant Working in Saudi Arabia
P.S. Latrer, Muhammed Yunus(now, Director Islami Bank and Jamat Sura member) was assigned as commander-in-chief, and Mir Kashim Ali(now, Nayeb-e-Amir of Mohanogori Jamat) as head of Chittangong committee. Also, Islami Chattra Shanga's (Now, Islami Chattra Shibir) district presidents were appointed as head of their respective district's Rajakar committee.
Al-Bodor High Command(Jamat-i-Islami's Chattra Shongo(now known as Chattra Shibir)'s central committee)
Name Where Now
Motiur Rahman Nizami: Head of whole Pakistan Assist. Gen. Secretary, Jamat-i-Islami
Ali Ahsan Muhammed Mujahid : Head of East Pakistan Amir: Dhaka Mohanogori Jamat and Director of Weekly Sunar Bangla
Mir Kahem Ali: Chittagong head to start with, later 3rd in rank Dhaka Mohanagari Jamt Nayebe Amir, Director of Rabaat-e-Alaam(Bangladesh) and member, Ibn Sina Trust
Muhammed Yunus Jamt Majlish-e-Sura member, Director of Islami Bank, director of Islamic Somaj Kollyan Somiti, President of Muslim Businessmen's Society
Muhammed Kamrujjaman: Chief Organizor of Bodor Bahini Central Propaganda Secretary of Jamat-i-Islami and Editor of Weekly Sunar Bangla
Ashraf Hussain: Established Bodor Bahini and head of Mymensingh district Businessman in Dhaka
Muhammed Shamsul Haque: Head of Dhaka City Member: Majlish-e-Sura, Jamat-i-Islami
Mustafa Sawkat Imran: One of the leader of Dhaka city Never found after the liberation war
Ashrafujjaman Khan: member of Dhaka City High command and 'Chief Executor' (PRODAN JALLAD) of systematic killing of the intellectuals Now, working in Saudi Arabia
A.S.M. Ruhul Kuddus: One of the leader of Dhaka city Member: Majlish-e-Sura, Jamat-i-Islami
Sardar Abdus Salam: Head of Dhaka district
Kurram Ja Murad International Jamat leader in London, coorinates liason between Jamat in different countries
Abdul Bari: Head of Jamalpur district Businessman in Dhaka
Abdul Hai Faruki: Head of Rajshahi district Businessman in Dubai
Abdul Jaher Muhammed Naser: Head of Chittagong district Saudi Ambassador's personal assistant
Matiur Rahmann Khan: Head of Khulna district works in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Chowdhury Mayeen uddin : 'Operation in-charge' (main killer) of systematic killing of the intellectuals Lives in London and Editor of Jamat's Weekly Dawaat and leader of London-based Jamat-crony, Dawatul Islam
Noor Muhammed Mollik: One of the leader of Dhaka city No info available
A.K. Muhammed Ali: One of the leader of Dhaka city No info available
Majharul Islam: Head of Rajshahi district No info available
Tikka Khan's Education Reform Committee
Name Where Now
Dr. Syed Sajjad Hussain, VC: Dhaka University Professor: King Abdul Aziz University, Saudi Arabia; now living in Bangladesh
Dr. Hasan Jaman, Political Science Professor: Dhaka University Died while working at Saudi Arabia
Dr. Muhor Ali, History Professor: Dhaka University Works in London, Runs Islamic Institute
A.K.M. Abdul Rahman< TD> >Math Professor: Dhaka University
Dr. Abdul Bari, VC: Rajshahi University Chairman: Dhaka University 'Monjuri' Commission, Member of Governing Body: Islamic Foundation
Dr. Saifuddin Juardar deceased
Dr. Mokbul Hussain Retired
Collaborators: Dhaka University Teachers and Employees were given mendatory leave after war
Name Where Now
Begum Akhtar Imam, Provost: Rokya Hall Retired, living in Dhaka
Dr. Kazi Din Muhammed, Bangla Dept Fired by Dhaka University Syndicate, now Professor: Bangla Dept, Dhaka University
Dr. Muhammed Mustafizur Rahman, Arabic Dept Professor, Dhaka University
Dr. Fatima Sadik, Arabic Dept Kicked out of the University by Dhaka University Syndicate, now Retired
Dr. Gulam Wahed Chowdhury, Political Science Dept Owner of Garments factory in Dhaka
Dr. Rashid Ujjaman, Political Science Dept Kicked out of the University by Dhaka University Syndicate, now working in US
Dr. A.K.M. Shahid Ullah, Political Science Dept Professor: Bangla Dept, Dhaka University
A.K.M. Jamal Uddin Mustafa, Political Science Dept Kicked out of the University by Dhaka University Syndicate, now businessman in Dhaka
Dr.Muhammed Afsar Uddin, Sociology Dept Professor, Dhaka University
Dr. Mir Fokorujjaman, Psychology Science Dept deceased in 1987
Dr. Muhammed Shamsul Haque, Physics Dept Professor: Dhaka University
Dr. Abdul Jabbar, Pharmacy Dept Professor: Dhaka University
Dr. Mahbub Uddin Ahmed, Statistics Dept Businessman in London
Muhammed Obaydullah(known as Askar Ibn Shaaik), Statistics Dept Kicked out of the University by Dhaka University Syndicate, now playright for Radio and TV in Bangladesh
Muhammed Habib Ullah, Education Research Dept Lives in Pakistan
Adbul kader Miah, Education Research Dept Kicked out of the University by Dhaka University Syndicate, now wherabouts unknown
Dr. Shafia Khatun, Education Research Dept Professor: Dhaka University, Ershad's ex-minister
Lt. Colonel(ret.) Matiur Rahman, Health institute Retired in Dhaka
Atikujjaman Khan, Journalism Dept was professor: Dhaka University, now deceased
Dr. Aftab Ahmed Siddiki, Urdu/Farsi Dept Lives in Pakistan
Fazlul Kader, Urdu/Farsi Dept Kicked out of the University by Dhaka University Syndicate, now wherabouts unknown
Nurul Momen, Law Department Retired in Dhaka
Dr. S.M. Imam Uddin,Islamic History Dept Lives in Pakistan
S.D. Dolil Uddin, Care Taker: Dhaka University Works in Dhaka University
Muhammed Mahbubul Alam, Botany Dept Lives in Pakistan
Faizul Jalal uddin, Botany Dept Kicked out of the University by Dhaka University Syndicate, now wherabouts unknown
P.S. Many of these collaborator teachers were directly related to the systematic killing of the intellectuals. Their names were mentioned in the infamous diary of the Al-Badar Bahini "Chief Executionar" of intellectuals, Asrafujjaman.
Name Where Now
Nasir Ahmed, Secretary: Education Research Institute wherabouts unknown
Johir Khan, Painter of Chief Engineer's Office Kicked out of the University by Dhaka University Syndicate, now wherabouts unknown
Shah Hahan, Servant of Engineering Office wherabouts unknown
Muhammed Mustafa, Servant of Solim Ullah Hall Kicked out of the University by Dhaka University Syndicate, now wherabouts unknown
Collaborators: Rajshahi University Teachers were given mendatory leave after war
Name Where Now
Dr. Abdul Bari, V.C. Rajshahi University was Chairman of University 'Monjuri' Commission
Dr. Gulam Saklayen, Bangla Dept. Reader Now, Professor of Bangla Dept: Rajshshi University
Azizul Haque, Bangla Dept. Now, Professor of Bangla Dept: Rajshshi University
Shiekh Ataur Rahman, Bangla Dept. Now, Professor of Bangla Dept: Rajshshi University
Abdur Rahim Juardar, University Register Now, retired in Dhaka
Collaborators: Rajshahi University Teachers were arrested after war
Name Where Now
Mokbul Hussain, Chairman of Commerce Dept. Now, professor of Commerce Dept: Rajshshi University
Ahmed Muhammed Patel, Chairman of Geography Dept. Now, lives in Pakistan
Solayman Mondol, Chairman of Economics Dept. Now, professor of Economics Dept: Rajshshi University
Wasim Bari Baghi, Professor of Psychology Dept. Now, lives in Pakistan
Zillur Rahman, Reader of Law Dept. Now, professor of Law Dept: Rajshshi University
Kolim A. Sasarami, Professor of Linguistics Dept. Now, professor of Linguistics Dept: Rajshshi University
Collaborators: Rajshahi University Teacherswere accused as collaborators and absconded after the war
Name Where Now
Ahmed Ullah Khanprofessor of English Dept Now, professor of English Dept: Rajshshi University
Ibn AhmedOne of the Register Ex Register of Islamic University, Kustia
Collaborators: Bureacrats, arrested just after the liberation war
Name Role
Dr. A.M. Malek Governor, Abul Kashem Minister, Nowajish Ahmed Minister, Abbas Ali Khan Minister
Akhtar Uddin Ahmed Minister, Muhammed Ishak Minister, Jasim Uddin Minister, A.K.M. Yusuf Minister
Solayman Minister, Mujaffar Hussain Chief Secretary, N.N. Kazim Home Secretary, S.A. Reza Commissionar, M.A.K. Chowdhury IGP, M.A.R. Arif Additional IGP, Dr. M.M. Hasan DIG
Mujaffar Ahmed DLG Secretary, Mufti Masudur Rahman Education Secretary, Humayun Fayez Rasul Information Secretary, Hasan Johir Planning Commission member, Aslam Iqbal Joint Secretary: Information
Captain Khaled Ahmed OSD: Home ministry, Captain Aktar Uddin Ahmed OSD: SNGO ministry
Lt. Commandar A.A. Nasim Joint Secretary: RWORT, Muhammed Ashraf ADC: Dhaka
Mohiullah Shah ADC: Dhaka, S.K. Mahmud SP: Chittagong, A. Irfan Ali SP: Khulna
Alman Khalik SP: Dhaka, Abbas Khan AIGP, Rana Mushtak SP, Panjab Cantonment
S.M. Nawab DIG: Police, Lt. Colonel Gulam Ahmed Chowdhury Deputy Chief Engineer
Johurul Haque Deputy Director: Rajakars, Doctor A. Baseth Dhaka Medical College
Collaborators: Bureacrats, fired(out of 53) after being accused of war crimes and collaboration
Name/Role Wherabouts, M. Wazid Ali Khan, Railway Board chairman Deceased in 1974
Muhammed Lutfur Rahman, Jute Board chairman Brought back again as a secretary, now retired
M.G. Dastogir, Deputy Governor of State Bank never came back after 72
Anam Ahmed Chowdhury, Joint Secretary of Commerce Brought back again as a secretary
Dr. Muhammed Muhtazuddin Miah, Principal Scientific Officer, Neuclear Power Commission Brought back again to work in Neuclear Agricultural Institute, Asrafujjaman Khan, Director: Radio retired
Dr. Kamal Uddin Ahmed, Principal of Physics Dept. Dhaka University Brought back again to become professor of Chemistry, Dr. Abdul Haque, chairman of Jessore Education Board wherabouts unknown
Dr. Hafez Ahmed, Principal: Dhaka College wherabouts unknown, Samsuddin Ahmed, Commissioner: Rajshshi Division wherabouts unknown, Muhammed Habibir Rahman, Chief Election Commissioner wherabouts unknown, Muhammed Abu Henna, Chief Hydrographer wherabouts unknown
< Abul>, Professor: Dhaka Medical College and Hospital wherabouts unknown
Collaborators: Bureacrats, arrested after being accused of war crimes and collaboration(partial list)
Name/Role Wherabouts, Rashidul Hasan, Deputy Commissioner: Khulna wherabouts unknown
Toslim Uddin Ahmed, OSD: Takurga/Dinajpur wherabouts unknown
Syed Iqbal Ahmed, Deputy Director: Dhaka Radio wherabouts unknown
A.R.M. Fazlur Rahman, Deputy Secretary: Civil Affairs wherabouts unknown
Gulam Robbani Khan, Deputy Director: Rajshshi Radio wherabouts unknown
Abu Shahadat, Regional Director: Dhaka Radio wherabouts unknown
Source: Akattorer Ghatak O Dalal-ra: Kay Khutay?
Published by Muktizuddha Chetona Bikash Kendra, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Some information may have changed, but relevance of the information from a historic perspective is still important.
Last Modified: 09/13/2007 14:18:34, Bangladesh Liberation War 1971: Genocide
Pakistani War Criminals, NEWS FROM BANGLADESH, March 16, 1999
Editorial and Commentary:, Why should Bangladesh raise the issue of genocide?
By - A.H. Jaffor Ullah, Z.A. Khan's memoirs "The way it was" spilled quite a few names who were involved in gratuitous merciless killings of Bengalis in occupied Bangladesh. The swiftness with which the genocide was carried out by Pakistani Army had no parallel in the annals of mankind. Despite the publicity it generated during the short nine-month period, Bengali leader Sheikh Mujib was almost mum about it. Perhaps Sheikh Mujib thought rebuilding the war-ravaged infrastructure of his nation was more important at the time than finding out among Pakistanis who- did-what in 1971.
Perhaps it was a mistake of monumental proportion that the leadership of the newly formed nation never asked for a trial of Pakistani generals and officers who were involved in extermination of three million Bengalis, never mind the rape of a quarter million Bengali women.
In 1975, a military general who came to power in Bangladesh through violence never showed any interest whatsoever in this subject matter. To the contrary, this general was alleged to have worked behind the scene establishing a good relationship with his masters from the olden days. After the violent over throw of this general, another Bangladesh General ruled the country with tight iron grip from 1982 through 1991. During his reign too, Bangladesh Genocide was very much considered to be an anathema. As such, the government never did pursue to raise the consciousness about the wanton killings of 1971. Like his predecessor, this cagey general also looked other the way around when question of Bangladesh Genocide was raised by the intelligentsia of the nation.
The democracy finally did return to Bangladesh in 1991 and we thought that this time around the question of Bangladesh Genocide would be raised by the Prime Minister. But that did not happen. The Prime Minister was more inclined to forge a close relationship with Pakistan than ask the genocide question to redress the issue of wanton killing by Pakistani army.
After a long twenty-one year period Sheikh Mujib's party came into power in Bangladesh through adult franchise and we enthusiastically looked forward to the leadership of Awami League for raising the genocide issue. Mrs. Hasina Wazed, the Prime Minister half-heartedly asked that question to Mr. Nawaz Sharif in 1997. There were some rumblings in Pakistani press, but that was all; no progress was made in the past two years. In February 1999 when Pakistani Prime Minister did visit Dhaka to attend a conference of eight Muslim nations the Prime Minister of Bangladesh did not pose that question to Mr. Sharif, perhaps not to embarrass the Prime Minister. However, there were enough static in Dhaka and elsewhere to demand an apology from Pakistan for Bangladesh Genocide. Some civic organizations in Dhaka were stridently protesting while the leaders of eight Muslim nations met in a close door session.
I presume this genocide issue is not going to vanish in the thin air as most Pakistani politicians and military leaders would seem to think. The Internet had so far been proven to be an extremely effective media to educate and disseminate all the Bengalis on the issue of Bangladesh Genocide. Bengalis from both Bangladesh and West Bengal were affected by the gruesome events of 1971. Perhaps the genocide issue will bind the entire Bengali communities all over the world because disproportionately more Hindus suffered in the hands of Pakistani soldiers.
Pakistani government should know that Bangladesh Genocide is a touchy issue with all the Bengalis and it is going to stay that way in the foreseeable future till Pakistan offers an apology on behalf of his rogue military.
Mrs. Hasina Wazed should come to her senses knowing that Pakistan is not a major trading partner of Bangladesh. Perhaps Bangladesh should put pressure to Pakistan telling them point blank to apologize for gruesome killings of Bengalis in 1971, or else face the consequence. The consequence being cut off diplomatic relations between the two countries. Bangladesh will survive rather well without being cahoots with a pariah nation, which still refuses to come to terms with her past misdeeds.
Appendix One
A partial list of Pakistani military officers who committed Genocide in Bangladesh in 1971
Here is a list of Pakistani military personnel involved in mass killings in occupied Bangladesh from March 25 through December 16, 1971. This partial list was prepared solely from reading the accounts of Brigadier Z.A. Khan who himself was an accomplice in Pakistan's genocidal military. Brigadier Khan's account was published in News From Bangladesh in early March in seven part series. This ex-military officer of Pakistan wrote in vivid details the untold tales of destruction and subjugation of Bengali nation. The surviving ex- military officers from the list should be brought to justice because they have committed crime against humanity. A few of the generals and most young officers of the day are still alive in Pakistan. They should know that while they had all but forgotten their misdeeds the Bengalis remember them very well. Like holocaust survivor who hunted the Nazis till this day, the Bengalis will also do the same to bring these criminals to justice. South Asia will be a better place for our descendents once these criminals are brought to justice - alive or posthumously.
Here is the partial list:
The Generals
1. General Yahya Khan, military president of Pakistan in 1971. He refused to transfer power to Awami League after the general election of December 10, 1970, when Awami League had won the general election.
2. General Abdul Hamid Khan, Chief of Army Staff (CAS), was one of the architects of Bangladesh Genocide. This general, popularly known as General Hamid (or Hameed) was in Dacca before March 26, 1971, working on a military plan to terrorize Bengalis. He also visited occupied Bangladesh several times to see firsthand the progress of the killing machine.
3. Lt. General Gul Hassan Khan, Chief of General Staff (CGS), Pakistani Army. Contrary to what he might have said, he was one of the principal architects of Bangladesh Genocide. His very presence in troubled land of Chittagong during the early days of Bengali resistance proves beyond any shadow of doubt that he was an active planner of Bangladesh Genocide.
4. Lt. General Tikka Khan, military chief in East Pakistan during March through December 1971. Planner and Chief Executioner of Bangladesh Genocide. He later became Governor of East Pakistan.
5. Lt. General A.A. Niazi, Planner and Executioner of Bangladesh Genocide. He joined the occupation force later. His soldiers burned the villages and killed thousands of Bengalis throughout rural Bangladesh
6. Lt. General Sahibzada Yaqub Khan.
7. Major General Rao Farman, Military Intelligence Chief in East Pakistan during March through December, 1971. Planner and Executioner of Bangladesh Genocide.
8. Major General A. O. Mitha. This general was everywhere in occupied Bangladesh causing destruction and death. This person had practically managed the killing machine of Pakistani army in erstwhile East Pakistan. He joined the army high command in Dacca in early March 1971. He was brought from West Pakistan solely for the death and destruction of Bengalis in East Pakistan.
9. Major General Khadim Hussain Raja. He suspected Brigadier Mazumdar, a Bengali officer, of siding with Bengalis. He came all the way from west Pakistan to arrest Brigadier Mazumdar. He later became chief of Chittagong operation for Pak Army.
10. Major General Akbar, Director General, ISI. He helped Pak Army carry out the Genocide by providing intelligence data. Major General M. Rahim Khan took control 14 Division and replaced Major General Khadim Hussain Raja. His forces were responsible for all the killings done in Mymensing-Dacca-Jessore area. This general was a first rate executioner of Bangla Genocide. He was responsible for atrocities committed along the Dacca-Bhairav Bazaar Railway line.
11. Major General Rahim Khan, Commander of 14 Division, was stationed in Dacca. His officers and soldiers were very much involved in Army-led Bangladesh Genocide. In June 1971, he was transferred from being the Divisional Chief of 14 Division to Martial law Headquarters in Dacca.
The Officers
1. Brigadier Ghulam Jilani Khan, Chief of Staff (COS) of Eastern Command. He was an active person and was a part of planner of Bangladesh Genocide. He was a key person who knew every bit detail of the plan to exterminate Bengalis in the occupied land. During liberation period (in June 1971) he was promoted to the rank of Major General and was given the position of Director General, ISI in West Pakistan.
2. Brigadier Jehanzeb Arbab (later become Lt. General in Pakistan) aided the abduction of Sheikh Mujib.
3. Brigadier Iqbal Shafi, 53rd Brigade assaulted Bengalis in the Feni area. Later he moved to Chittagong area to help crush Bengali resistance.
4. Brigadier Asghar Hussain, 205 Brigade, was active in Chittagong area.
5. Brigadier Hesky Baig was very active in the Chittagong Port Area.
6. Brigadier Sherullah Beg was the Commander of Special Service Group and was stationed in Dacca.
7. Brigadier Ghulam Muhammad took over the command of Special Service Group from Brigadier Sherullah Beg sometime in May 1971.
8. Brigadier N.A. Hussain was the Chief of 27 Brigade in Mymensingh. All killings in that part of occupied land including Madhupur Garh was done by his soldiers.
9. Lt. Colonel Z.A. Khan (later become Brigadier in Pakistan) was very active in Chittagong and Chittagong Hill Tracts Area. He was the Commander of 3 Commando Battalion in Rangamati under Division 14.
10. Lt. Colonel Yakub Malik, Commanding Officer 53 Field Regiment Artillery, was very active in Comilla area.
11. Lt. Colonel A.H. Fatmi, Commanding Officer of 20 Baluch
12. Lt. Colonel Rathore of Signal Corps was active in Chittagong city area.
13. Lt. Colonel Shakur Jan was very active in Bhairav Bazaar area. He took active part in landing Pak army to Ashuganj side of Bhairav Bazaar railway bridge.
14. Lt. Colonel S.M. Naeem, Commanding Officer 39 Baluch Command, was very active in Brahamanbaria in late May 1971.
15. Lt. Colonel Jaffar Hussain visited occupied Bangladesh from Rawalpindi in June 1971. He was with Major General Mitha while visiting Dacca. He toured all over occupied land with the Major General.
16. Lt. Colonel Abdur Rehman (later was promoted to Brigadier in Pakistan) was the GSO 1 (Training) at eastern Command in Dhaka.
17. Lt. Colonel Iqbal Nazir Waraich came in June/July 1971 to take charge of 3 Commando Battalion in Rangamati.
18. Lt. Colonel Hanif Malik became the Commander of 2 Battalion in June/July 1971.
19. Colonel S. D. Ahmad. This person worked at the Martial Law Headquarters, Dacca at the time of crisis in March, 26, 1971. He was one of the executioners of Bangladesh genocide. He was involved in planning the abduction of Sheikh Mujib by the Pak military.
20. Colonel Akbar (later become Brigadier in Pakistan) was the GS of Eastern Command in Dacca.
21. Colonel Shigri, Officiating Commandant of the East Bengal Center in Chittagong
22. Major Shujauddin Butt was a part of Baluch Regiment but worked in Martial law Headquarters. At this headquarters dissident Bengalis picked up from all parts of Dacca were brought in. Most Bengalis never did come alive once brought to this place for questioning.
23. Major Bilal, Jangju Company, Pak Army, aided in planning Sheikh Mujib's abduction. Also, he took part in disarming 4 east Bengal Regiment.
24. Major Sultan (later become Lt. Colonel). He was the brigade major in Comilla.
25. Major Salman Ahmad, Ebrahim Company Commander. He was very familiar with the Headquarters of East Pakistan Rifles. He helped Pak Army to raid E.P. Rifles Headquarters.
26. Major Mohammad Iqbal (later become Brigadier in Pakistan), Ghazi Company Commander, was active in the Chittagong area.
27. Major Anees, 20 Baluch and 24 FF, was in Chittagong city.
28. Major Hedayet Ullah Jan, commander of 2 Commando battalion, was very active in Rangamati. He was aiding Lt. Colonel Z.A. Khan in Hill Tracts area to go after East Pakistan Riflemen who sided with Mukti Bahini.
29. Major Salman, 3 Commando Battalion, worked in the Chittagong area as an intelligence gathering agent for Pak Army.
30. Major Tariq Mahmood who later became Brigadier in Pakistan was Officer in Command, Parachute Training School, Dacca. He helped with aerial mobilization of Pak Army all across the occupied Bangladesh.
31. Major Beg, Ordnance Corps, was stationed in Chittagong.
32. Major Nadir was originally with Ordnance Corps but later transferred to the command of Lt. Colonel Z.A. Khan in Chittagong Hill Tracts. He was kept in Dacca by his supervisor, Lt. Col. Khan.
33. Captain Humayun. He also aided in planning Sheikh Mujib's abduction.
34. Captain Saeed, aided in the abduction of Sheikh Mujib.
35. Captain Sajjad Akbar of Hamza Company, stationed in Commilla.
36. Captain Kayani, 20 Baluch line, worked in Saeedpur-Bogra area.
37. Captain Zaidi (later become Brigadier in Pakistan), 2 Company Commando, also raided E.P. Rifles Headquarters.
38. Captain Parvez (later become Lt. Colonel in Pakistan), 2 Commando Battalion, was active in Chittagong area.
39. Captain Zahid (later become Brigadier in Pakistan), the GSO 3 of 53 Brigade in Rangamati.
40. Captain Munir worked with Lt. Colonel Z.A. Khan in Rangamati.
41. Lieutenant Haider of Hamza Company, Commilla.
42. Lt. Commander Akhtar (later became Captain) who secured Patenga Airport from E.P. Rifles
Non-Commissioned Officers:
1. Havaldar Major Khan Wazir. He was a member of a team to abduct Sheikh Mujib. He also physically assaulted Sheikh Mujib.
2. Subedar Ramzan was active in Kaptai Area.
3. Subedar Ramzan aided Captain Munir in Rangamati.
4. Subedar Major Zardad Khan was a part of 2 Commando Battalion stationed in Dacca.
Air Force Officers
1. Squadron Leader Abdul Munim Khan. This officer ran C-130 transport plane all across East Pakistan transporting Pakistani soldiers and food items.
2. Squadron Leader Shuaib Alam was Security in charge of Air Observer Unit, Tejgaon Airport.
Navy Officers
1. Commodore R.A. Mumtaz, stationed at Chittagong was the chief of navy in East Pakistan. Pakistan Navy aided the Army in the field of intelligence gathering, interrogating suspected Bengali freedom fighter.
2. Commander Tariq Kamal Khan (later he became Admiral and Chief of Naval Staff, Pakistan Navy) was stationed at Chittagong. He was the commander of PNS Jehangir, the destroyer. He helped the military with communication gears and firing at E.P. Rifle headquarters to crush Bengali resistance in Chittagong area.
3. Lt. Commander Shamoon Alam Khan was also working for ISI. He also helped Pak Army to recapture Rangamati.
The above list was prepared from the memoirs "The way it was" written by Brigadier Z.A. Khan of Pakistani Army. As a commander of a Commando Force, Brigadier Z.A. Khan was very active in the systematic extermination of Bengalis all over occupied Bangladesh in 1971.
Source: This article reprinted from NEWS FROM BANGLADESH of March 16, 1999 for wider dissemination. Thank you. W.Zaman.
Source: Internet Posting in newsgroup soc.culture.bangladesh by W.Zaman
